11-09-43 Adjourned
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COUNCIL CHAlIBER
November 9th, 1943
The Council met in adjourned session at 7:30 P.ll. with
the City Attorney and the following members preeut: llr. Hill,
llr. Jacobs, llr. lliller, llr. llcFee and llr. Wodiechek.
A letter was read frcim the Kiwanis Club inviting the
members to a noon luncheon on November 18th. The Clerk wae
instructed to write the Kiwanis Club, accepting the invitation
and thanking them for their courtesy.
The llayar brought up the matter of compensation to be
receivwd by the members serving on the Election Board November 23rd.
llr. Wodischek moved that each IIIIlmber of the Board be-paid five
dollare ($5.00) per day and allowed two meals. llr. lfiller seconded
the motion and on roll call the vote was as follows: llr. Hill yes,
llr. Jacobs yes, llr. )(iller yu, llr. lleFee yee, llr. Wodischek yu.
The motion carried.
The Kayor stated that inumuch as the Council had de-
cided to lIIIlet in adjourned session for the purpose of coneidering
the qUalifications presented by candidatee in groupe "A","B" and
"C", he asked that the City Attorney render his legal opinion on
earne. Thereupon the City Attorney read the follOwing letter:
November 9:;<:1943
The HonCilrable City Council,
Delray Beach, Florida.
Gentlemen:
You have aeked us as City Attorneye to de-
tine the tenn "improved real estate" as used in
Sections 13 and 17 of our City Charter. For the
information of the Council, these two Sectione or
our Charter were amended by the Florida Stete
Leg1elature in ite 1941 eeuion and as amended
they now read ae follows, to-wit:
"Section 13: Kemltere of the City Council
ehall be qualified electors of this City,
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November 9th, 1943
and shall have paid City taxes on improved
real estate within the City limite for the
year preceding the year in which the elec-
tiOl'1 is held. Any member of the City Council
who ceases to possees the qualificatione
which are herein required or shall be con-
victed of a felonyellall~forfeit hie office,
and it shall be the duty of the remaining
membere of the City Council to declare the
office vacant and to proceed to fill the
vacancy as hereinafter provided in thie
Charter Act."
"Section 17: Forsone entitled to hold the
elective orticee enumerated in the foregoing
sections, shall be qualified electore within
the meaning of this Act, ehall own improved
real estate within the limits of said munici-
pality for one year prior to announcing candi-
dacy for euch offices, and the inetrument by
which title to such improved real estate is
held must have_ been of record in the office of
the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Palm Beach
County, Florida, for one year prior to annQUDC-
ing candidacy for such offices, and ehall have
such other qualifications as may be h~reinafter
preecribed. Each of the said officers shall
perfonn the duties of their respective officee
as elsewhere provided in this Act, or as may
be provided by ordinance or laws of said City,
and before entering upon the dutiee of their
respective offices, they shall each take and
subscribe to the following oath:
"I do solemnly swear (or affinn) that I
will eupport, protect and defend the Conetitution
and Government of the United States, the State
of Florida, and of the City of Delray Beach; that
I am duly qualified to hold office under the
laws of the Sta:he of'Floridli:, _ the charter and
laws of the City of DelrayBeach, and that I will
well and faithfully perfonn the duties of City
Councilman of the City upon which I am about to
enter, so help me God."
November 9th, 1943
In our opinion the term "improved real estate" 18
generally understood in this community when referring to
city property, as being rel\l property on which has been erected
a dwelling or other structure. When used in reference to lan4
outside of the city limits, it usually means land having erected
thereon a dwelling or other structure or land which is cultivated.
In the case of Voight vs. lleyer, 59 N.Y. Supp. 70, 72, 42 App.
Div. 350, the Court held as follows:
"These terms are to be taken in the popular sense,
according to the general understanding of the community,
when dietinguiahing what is called wild lands, or land
in a state of .&ture, frClll\ that which has been cultivated
and improved. To improve and cllltivate mar be considered
Iynonymoue. To cultivate 1"e defined as to improve the
product of the earth by manual induatry. When speaking '"
of improved land, it is generally understood to be such
ae has been reclaimed, is used for the purpose of hue-
bandry, and ill cultivated as such, whether the appropria-
tion is for tillage, meadow, or pasture." So, in Doolittle
v. Tice (N.Y.) 41 Barb. 181, 185, the court saye: . "Reaping,
alone, can ecarcely be considered as cultivating. Nor can
the keeping up a fence already made, mowing the grass, and
cutting brush, be considered an imProvement."
The term ueed in our Charter is "improved real
estate". In our opinion this term is synonymous with the
term "imProved land". ,'lbe term "improved land" has been
defined by the Courts of this country as follows:
· , Improved ' , as used in Rev. St. c. 136, S 9,
authQriil:ing the owner of land, who shall have im-
. proved the same and erected a division fence, to
recover of the adjoining owner the value of such
part of the fence as it was his duty to build,
means land which is used in any way or for any
purpon, or occupied by building. '18gin v. Bap-
tist Soc., 43 N. H. 260, 261."
" I Improved ' , as used in a deed describing the
boundary of the granted premises as "then running
northerly by land improved by A. to the raad,"
means occupied or held. 'lbe word "improved" is not
a technical word, having a precise legal meal'1ing.
Indeed, thel:'e is no very good authority for its
use in the sense in which it ill not infrequently
"J.';IO
21.97
Noveni:ler 9th, 1943
employed in familiar ep"'ech, viz., occupied or held.
Bond v. Fay, 90 llasa. (8 Allen) 212, 215.
",'.'-Improved land, I as used in Rev. St. c 51, S 36.
requiring railroads to make legal, sufficient fencee
alCJDg the line of their location, where the road
pa.... through inclosed or improved land, should be
construed to include the la.nd appurtenant to a dwell-
ing house and barn. "Improved" is not a technical
word, having a precise legal meaning, when applied
to real estate, but may mean land that ie oceupied.
Bouv. Law Dict. Ae generally understood, improved
land is that which is occupied or made better by
care or cultivation, or whieh is employed for advantage.
Osberne v. Canadian Pac. ~. Co., 32 Atl. 902, 903,
87 Ke. 303 (citing Webst. Dict.; Wilder v Jltine Cent.
R. Co., 65 lle. 332, 339, 20 Am. Rep. 698)."
In our opinion a vacant city lot on which there are no etruc-
taree of any kind and which is not cultivated, occupied or used in
any mahner whatsoever, is not improved real estate within the
meaning of the term as used in Sections 13 and 17 Gf the City Charter
of the City of Delray Beach, Florida.
Very truly yours,
ADAllS & NOWLIN
By
J.W. Nowlin.
The llayor then aeked if any of the members :were familiar
with the land in Pine View subdivisie,", for which Yr. Ifiller has
preeented a deed, and if they considered it what is generally termed
all "improve4 p"perty". llr. Hill stated he is .acquainted with the
property in quution and that it had been"under culitvation in the
past. Dr. C.W. Vogler addr....d the Council, questiening the con-
etitutienality of the Amendment to the Charter, which providn for
the qualificatione of dandidatee, and ..ked if it would not be possible
to obtein the Athrney-General'e opinion OIl eame. The City At.torney
explained that the constitutionality of the Amendment had never been
put to a test. After a lengthy discussion, Ilr. Hill moved that the
November 9th, 1943
qualifications of llr. )(iller be accepted and his name placed
GlIl the ballot for the primary election, November 23rd. Kr. Wod-
bchek seconded the motion and on roll call the vote 111.8 as
rollOWll: Kr. Hill yes, Kr. Jacobs no, llr. Killer yes, llr. KcF..
no, llr. Wodischek yea. The motion carried. llr. Jacobe and
Kr. lleF.. each individually explained that their vote of "no"
lIU made because they felt that the decillion rondered by the
City Attorney ehouldbe upheld as Hid decision is considered
legally correct tmlell8 proven otherwise by a euperior authority.
Qualificatione Qf the other candidates .re then
consi_red. Kr. Wodiechek mowd that the qualifications of
.r. W.K. Waters, Kr. If.A. Jacobs, Kr. J.K. Gwynn, Kr. J.K.
Sabath, Kr. C.W. Hill and Kr. John Thayer be accepted and their'
namIB placed on the ballot for the primary elltction. llr. Hill
B8cGnded the motion and on roll call the vote was as follows:
Kr. Hill yee, llr. Jacoba yes, llr. lliller yes, llr. llcF.. Yell,
Kr. Wodischek yu. IIotioncarried.
The City Attorney Wall instructed to have the ballot.
printed for the primary election.
It was regularly moved, seconded and carried that
Council adjourn.
~ J ~n. J 4,~:.'"t.
Acting City Clerk
Approved:
~ {).,,~.-e
r llay.i-.
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