HPB 04-30-03 MINUTES OF THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION BOARD
CITY OF DELRAY BEACH
DELRAY BEACH, FLORIDA
SPECIAL MEETING/PUBLIC HEARING
MEETING DATE: April 30, 2003
LOCATION: CITY COMMISSION CHAMBERS
I. ROLL CALL
The meeting was called to order by the Chairperson at 6:05 P.M. Upon roll call it
was determined that a quorum was present.
MEMBERS PRESENT: Mary Lou Jamison, Gail Lee McDermott, Gloria Elliott,
Rhonda Sexton, Jim Keavney, William Branning,
Francisco Perez-Azua (arrived 6:12).
STAFF PRESENT: Wendy Shay, Jeff Costello
OTHERS: Ellen Uguccioni, Janus Research Consultant, Thuy
Shutt (CRA)
IL DESIGN GUIDELINES UPDATE
Ms. Uguccioni gave an overview of the design guidelines update.
Comments and concerns from the meeting on March 3, 2003 were
incorporated into the revision distributed to the Board. Ms. Uguccioni also
addressed the issue of the public arts ordinance and distributed additional
information. She further stated that the layout has been modified in a
landscape format.
Ms. McDermott inquired about maps. They were sent from the City and
will be incorporated into the next revision.
At this time, Mr. Perez arrived.
Ms. Shay requested that the National Register section be simplified and
that text boxes be incorporated. She further asked that contributing and
non-contributing be clarified.
Mr. Perez requested contributing and non-contributing information in bullet
form and re-located from the Historic District section.
Ms. Shutt requested a change in the use of "feeling" to describe a historic
structure or location.
Ms. Uguccioni explained that it was a term used in all Federal guidelines.
Ms. Shay asked that the Division of Historical Resources be omitted as
major changes will occur in the near future with the Department of State.
Mr. Costello requested that the designation criteria include the definition of
"contributing" and "non-contributing."
Ms. Sexton asked that a paragraph address upcoming buildings becoming
"historic" based on their age and contributing status.
Ms. Uguccioni stated that up and coming styles which will become of age
within the next decade were included.
Ms. Shutt inquired about relocations and contributing status.
Ms. Uguccioni will address that issue.
Staff requested that the definition of survey types be removed. Ms. Shay
further requested clarification on the role of the Board.
Ms. Uguccioni will address those issues.
Mr. Branning asked that demolition include all buildings or structures
within a historic district not only those that are "historic."
Ms. Uguccioni will change demolition to apply to all building/structures.
Mr. Branning and Mr. Perez requested clarification of COA and Site Plan
approval by the Board and what is approved administratively and the
detail involved with each project and the review process.
Ms. Elliott inquired about distribution of the guidelines once complete.
Ms. Uguccioni recommended breaking them down into sections.
Mr. Costello recommended that information be placed in the utility bills.
Mr. John Bennett requested a more detailed definition of interior spaces.
Ms. Uguccioni will clarify the definition in the glossary.
Ms. Shay asked that the process for the Site Plan Review and
Appearance Board (SPRAB) be removed. The Board concurred.
Ms. Sexton requested that landscape plans be included in the
requirements for Site Plan approval or modifications.
-2- HPB Minutes 4/30/03
Ms. Shay requested that the "demolition" section be moved to the back
and placed in a separate section along with relocation. She further
requested that salvaging architectural elements not be included. The
Board concurred.
Ms. Jamison requested that open porches not be included as part of the
interior definition.
Much discussion about interiors ensued. The Board and Staff agreed that
the definition is self explanatory and that the definition of "interior" in the
glossary be removed.
Ms. Shay requested that the terms "solids to voids" and "bargeboards" be
defined.
Mr. Branning inquired about weatherboard siding.
Ms. Uguccioni pointed out an example which was included.
Ms. Shay asked that the building materials and typical characteristics be
incorporated into each architectural style's description.
Ms. McDermott requested that the term "ell" be represented as "L."
Mr. Perez requested that representative architectural styles throughout the
City be used to display architectural styles and features.
Mr. Uguccioni stated that when the photos are available they will be
incorporated in with the text.
Mr. Branning asked for clarification on roofing materials such as "S" tile
and composition shingles.
Ms. Sexton inquired about vernacular and Commercial buildings and
whether it should include frame as well as masonry buildings.
Mr. Branning inquired about existing shotgun houses.
Ms. Vera Farrington stated that the last one came down in 2000 in the
West Settler's District.
Ms. Shay requested that the terms "asymmetrical" and symmetrical" be
included. She further asked about whether Cape Cod should be included.
Ms. McDermott asked that the style remain.
-3- HPB Minutes 4/30/03
Ms. Uguccioni will further research the Nassau Park District and the Cape
Cod style.
Mr. Branning asked for clarification on the Minimal Traditional style and
the reference to the presence of no overhangs despite the fact that there
are rafter tails.
Ms. Sexton asked that the typical type of window and their material be
included for each style.
Ms. Shay requested that carports and garages be added for Ranch style
buildings.
Ms. Uguccioni stated that she will add them.
Ms. Sexton recommended that commercial styles be identified.
Ms. Uguccioni stated that she will elaborate.
Ms. Shay requested that Dade County Pine be added to the
"Wood/Materials" section. She further requested that hardiboard be
eliminated.
A long discussion ensued regarding in-kind replacement and the use of
new materials on historic, contributing buildings. It was determined that
the Board would consider alternatives on a case by case basis.
Ms. Shay requested that lead abatement or a hazard warning be included
when referring to paint.
Ms. Sexton inquired about whether masonry chimneys should be painted
or retuned to its natural state if previously painted.
Ms. Uguccioni recommended that a statement be added that the natural
finish should remain if not previously painted.
Ms. Shay led a detailed discussion regarding the replacement of roofing
material in-kind and avoiding the introduction of roofing materials which
were not historically prevalent. The Board concurred that it would be
determined on a case by case basis.
Ms. Uguccioni will determine the suitable language for the appropriate
materials encouraged by the Board.
Ms. Shay requested that a "Recommended" and "Not Recommended"
section be included for chimneys.
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A lengthy discussion ensued regarding the replacement of windows.
Fencing was discussed at length concerning wood versus vinyl.
Ms. Sexton recommended that a statement regarding new and upcoming
materials may be considered by the Board.
Ms. Shay requested that the "Landscaping" section be removed. The
Board concurred.
Mr. Costello recommended that a blanket statement be made that
landscaping should compliment the existing building and should not
obscure the historic facade. The Board concurred.
Hurricane protection will be incorporated into the guidelines in the next
draft.
Staff requested that references to the Public Arts Ordinance be removed
at this time.
Accessory structures will be added as a separate section in the next draft.
Ms. Shay recommended that the variance description be removed from
the "Financial Incentive" Section.
Mr. Costello recommended that it be placed in the section regarding
"Board Review Criteria."
The Board discussed how buildings relocated into a district are
designated. Ms. Shay stated that the issue will be addressed when the
revision to the ordinance is reviewed.
Ms. Shay requested that a definition of"National Register" be added to the
glossary. She further requested that a statement be included which
encourages the retention of original hardware.
Mr. Branning expressed his concern over the issue of setting and
orientation of relocated buildings.
Ms. Uguccioni explained that it is related to the integrity and context of the
building.
III. ADJOURNMENT
There being no further business before the Board, the meeting adjourned at 9:45
P.M.
-5- HPB Minutes 4/30/03
The information provided herein is the Minutes of the meeting of said body for
April 30, 2003, which were formally adopted and approved by the Board on June
18, 2003.
If the Minutes that you have received are not completed as indicated above, then
this means that these are not the Official Minutes. They will become so after
review and approval, which may involve some changes.
-6- HPB Minutes 4/30/03
AGENDA
HISTORIC PRESERVATION
to
I! BOARD MEETING
CITY OF DELRAY BEACH
Meeting Date: April 30. 2003
Type of Meeting: Special Meeting
Location: City Commission Chambers**
Time: 6:00 P.M.
The City shall furnish appropriate auxiliary aids and services where necessary to afford an individual with a
disability an equal opportunity to participate in and enjoy the benefits of a service, program, or activity
conducted by the City. Please contact Doug Randolph at 243-7127(voice), or 243-7199(TDD), 24 hours prior
to the program or activity in order for the City to reasonably accommodate your request. Adaptive listening
devices are available for meetings in the Commission Chambers.
If a person decides to appeal any decision made by the Historic Preservation Board with respect to any
matter considered at this meeting or hearing, such persons will need a record of these proceedings, and for
this purpose such persons may need to ensure that a verbatim record of the proceedings is made. Such
record includes the testimony and evidence upon which the appeal is to be based. The City does not provide
or prepare such record. Two or more City Commissioners may be in attendance.
I. CALL TO ORDER
II. REVIEW OF THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION DESIGN GUIDELINES DRAFT
A review of the Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Draft by the Historic
Preservation Board, City Staff, and a representative from Janus Research.
III. ADJOURN
Wendy Shay, Historic Preservation Planner
POSTED ON: April 17, 2003
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design llliltiLllines
CITY OF DELRAY BEACH DESIGN GUIDELINES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
li
Page
Acknowledgments
Section I. Purpose Of Design Guidelines 1.
The City of Defray Beach:A Historical Overview • I
The Florida Land Boom and Bust 1
The Great Depression Through World War II 2
The Aftermath of World War II to the Present 3
Section II. Identifying And Preserving The City's Historic Legacy 4
•
The Delray Beach Local Register of Historic Places 4
Designation Criteria 4
Historic Districts 5
Contributing and Non-Contributing Resources: 5
Old School Square Historic District 6
Nassau Park Historic District 6
Del-Ida Park Historic District 6
Marina Historic District 6
West Settler's Historic District 7
The National Register of Historic Places 7
Local Nomination Process 7
Properties Listed in the National Register of Historic Places 8
Historic Sites Surveys 8
Reconnaissance Surveys 8
Intensive Surveys 8
Historic Surveys Conducted in the City of Delray Beach 8
Section III. Process And Procedures 9
The Role of the City of Delray Beach Historic Preservation Board 9
Local Historic Designation Criteria 9
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Cles
Criteria for Significance 9
Certificates of Appropriateness 10
Certificates of Appropriateness for Demolition 12
Undue Economic Hardship 12
Unsafe Structures 13
Mitigation Efforts 13
Section IV. Prevalent Styles of Architecture 14
Introduction 14
Chronology 14
About Architectural Style 14
Vernacular(Masonry and Frame) 15
Masonry Vernacular: Residential (1890-1940) 16
Masonry Vernacular: Commercial (1890-1940) 16
Bungalow(1910-1940) 17
Shotgun House (1880-1930) 18
Colonial Revival (1900-1930) 18
Minimal Traditional (1935-1950) 19
Mission (1919-1940) 20
Mediterranean Revival/Spanish Eclectic(1920-1940) 21
Monterey Style (1925-1940) 22
Art Deco (1925-1940) 23
Art Moderne/Streamline Moderne(1930-1945) 24
International (1930-1970) 24
Ranch (1935-1975) 25
Section V. Design Principles and Recommended Rehabilitation Treatments 26
Design Review by the Delray Beach Historic Preservation Board 26
Exterior Surfaces And Materials 26
Wood Siding 26
Masonry(Stucco, Concrete Block, Brick, Hollow Clay Tile) 28
Paint 29
Foundations 29
Roofs 30
Chimneys 31
Windows 31
Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standards 31
Shutters 32
li
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guilin
Awnings 32
Section VI: New Construction 33
Applicable Secretary Of The Interior's Standards 33
Additions 33
Infill Buildings 34
Recommended Approaches to New Construction 35
Section VII. Special Design Considerations 36
Parking 36
Recommended 36
Paving Materials 36
Signage 36
Types of Signs 36
Recommendations: Signage for Historic Buildings 37
Non-conforming Nostalgic Signs 37
Fire Stairs 37
Handicap Accessibility 37
Fences and Walls 38
Landscape Considerations 38
Screening of Parking Lots 39
Hurricane Preparedness for Historic Structures 39
Historic Buildings, Assets and Vulnerabilities 39
Window Shuttering Systems 39
Guidelines in the Choice of Shuttering Systems 40
Impact Resistant Glass 40
Mechanical Systems: Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), Electrical, Plumbing, Fire Protection 40
Recommended Rehabilitation Treatments 40
Not Recommended 41
Placement of Public Art in Historic Districts 41
Works Of Art Designed For Permanent Installation 41
Works Of Art Designed For Temporary Installation 41
Section VIII: Historic Preservation Incentives 42
Federal Level: Investment Tax Credit(ITC) 42
Local Level:Ad Valorem Tax Incentives 42
in
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guideiai
Community Redevelopment Agency(CRA): Historic Facade Easement 43
Variances from the Code of Ordinances 43
Appendix A. The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation 44
Appendix B. A Glossary of Frequently Used Terms 46
Appendix C. Additional Resources, State and Federal Agencies, Organizations 51
iv
WM
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Gul
SECTION I. PURPOSE OF DESIGN GUIDELINES
THE CITY OF DELRAY BEACH: A HISTORICAL Around 1900, Flagler's Model Land Company brought in a number
OVERVIEW of Japanese immigrants who settled just south of Delray. They
formed a colony called "Yamato." Here the Japanese farmed the
The development of the City of Delray Beach began in 1876 when land, with pineapples being their principle crop. The settlement
the Orange Grove House of Refuge No. 3 was constructed by the never exceeded more than 100 people, and in the 1920s the
United States Life Saving Corps on the shores of the Atlantic colony had all but vanished. The Morikami Gardens, founded by
Ocean in what is now Delray Beach. Several years later, Michigan George Sukeji Morikami in Delray Beach, preserves and interprets
native William S. Linton platted the town he called Linton and early Japanese life in Florida.
further encouraged the early development of the area.
Between 1910 and 1920, the town prospered and on October 9,
The next stage of growth for the new town occurred with the 1911, the Town of Delray was incorporated. John Shaw Sundy
propitious arrival of Henry Morrison Flagler's East Coast Railway in was elected the first mayor. That same year, Palm Beach became
1896. Flagler's Model Land Company, along with Mr. Linton, its own county. It had formerly been a part of Dade County, which
surveyed the land, platted subdivisions and officially recorded the then extended all the way north to Juno. As the central part of
new settlement as the Town of Linton. African-American families Delray was developing in the 1910s, an early subdivision known as
from northern Florida also began to arrive and they established a Osceola Park was established south of town between the Florida
settlement just west of Linton's land. Following the initial settling of East Coast Railway tracks and the Florida East Coast Canal. As
the area, many of the pioneer black families encouraged their one of Delray's first planned neighborhoods, Osceola Park was
relatives and friends to join them in southeast Florida. very successful and lots were quickly sold. By 1914, thirty houses
were already located in the subdivision and many more were
However, the end of the nineteenth century would test the mettle of proposed for construction.
these new pioneers. After a freeze that destroyed crops and a
hurricane that devastated property, those early settlers were As residential development was on the increase, agriculture
financially ruined. Even William Linton was affected and most of remained Delray's main industry and pineapple was one of the
his land holdings went into foreclosure. main crops grown. A newspaper article from 1913 proclaimed that
Delray had the "largest canning factory south of Baltimore," which
Because the name "Linton" became associated with these primarily canned pineapples. Tomatoes also were considered a
unfortunate events, those remaining citizens decided to change the major cash crop in the area.
name of the town. They agreed upon "Delray," the name of the The Florida Land Boom and Bust
suburb where one of the town's most prominent citizens was
raised. During the first decade of the twentieth century, largely Following WW I, the Unites States entered a period of prosperity
because of regular freight and passenger train service, the town
began to experience a transition from an isolated farming that was, as yet, unequalled. With the Model T automobile now
community to a vacation destination. By this time the Town of affordable and a federal highway system built that allowed access
Delray had a post office, two schools, a general store and to previously isolated areas, America was on the move. The state
a commissary. of Florida was to experience a real estate phenomenon, commonly
referred to as "The Boom" that would increase its population and
1
Mikes
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design MNhes
development exponentially. Known as the "Ocean City," Delray, hurricanes swept through Palm Beach County in 1926 and 1928,
with its prime location on the waterfront and wealth of available further exacerbating the impending economic depression. The
land, was to experience a transformation. hurricane of September 16, 1928 directly impacted Delray Beach
I destroying more than 227 houses. By the time the stock market
Land auctions were held everyday in a tent on Atlantic Avenue. In crashed in October 1929, signaling economic disaster for the
order to accommodate the influx of winter visitors and new nation, Florida's real estate was virtually worthless.
residents, commercial and residential buildings sprang up
throughout the town. The small-town atmosphere of Delray and its The Great Depression Through World War II
main street of Atlantic Avenue quickly changed into a more exciting
and cosmopolitan resort environment. Buildings such as the Despite the hardships of the Depression, Delray Beach maintained
Arcade Building, built in 1923; the Altrep (now the Colony) Hotel, its status as a resort community during the 1930s. By 1940, the
built in 1926; the Seaboard Air Line Railway Station, built in 1927; population of the city was reportedly 3,661 residents. Subdivisions
the Casa Del Ray Hotel, built in 1925; and the high school and such as Ocean Breeze Estates and Seabreeze Park were platted
gymnasium, built in 1926, contributed to the new look of the town. and developed at this time.
Numerous new subdivisions also were being developed throughout By 1939, world events leading to U.S. involvement in WW II would
the town, including Del-Ida Park, Lake Ida Gardens, Crest Lake greatly change the face of Florida. The state became one of the
Park, and Homewood. In January 1922, the Floridixi Farms nation's major training grounds for the Army, Navy, and Air Force.
Company recorded a plat for the Dell Park subdivision. Located Until that time, tourism had been the state's major industry, but that
• north of the city's central core, between Swinton Avenue and the was brought to an abrupt end as hotels were converted for use as
Florida East Coast Railway, the 50-foot-wide lots were affordable military facilities. The influx of thousands of servicemen and their
to middle-income families, who paid between $5,000 and $6,000 families increased industrial and agricultural production in Florida,
for a home of their own. and also introduced them to the warm weather and tropical beauty
of Florida.
In 1923, the area between the East Coast Canal and the Atlantic
Ocean incorporated to form the Town of Delray Beach. Within close proximity to wartime facilities, such as Morrison Field
Construction in this new town was also booming and buildings in West Palm Beach, Camp Murphy in Hobe Sound, and the
such as the Seacrest Hotel (1925) were built. Despite its steady nearby Boca Raton Army Air Field, Delray Beach was at the center
growth, the independence of the town of Delray Beach was short- of southeast Florida's military involvement. Many local men signed
lived; in 1927, the towns of Delray and Delray Beach were united up for the armed services while Delray's female population ran
and incorporated into the city of Delray Beach. their husbands' businesses and participated in war-related
volunteer activities. In the evenings, blackouts were required for
The Boom was not to last. By the end of 1925, many real estate the oceanfront homes, since German submarines were patrolling
investors began to cancel all their transactions as they became off Florida's east coast.
panicked by news of bogus Florida real estate ventures. The prices
and demand for Florida real estate had been exaggerated so Because Boca Raton Army Air Field was not far from Delray
significantly that there was little basis for the inflated market. In Beach, many military personnel and families resided in the city
August 1925, the F.E.C. Railway refused to ship anything but during the war. Having enjoyed the relaxed atmosphere and
perishable goods, eliminating the transport of all building materials pleasant climate, following the conclusion of World War II in 1945,
that were required if building were to continue. Two devastating
2
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( Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design IIInines
hundreds of servicemen remained in the Delray Beach/Boca The diversity of the city's founding generations was recognized
Raton area. with the local historic designation of the West Settler's Historic
District and the rehabilitation of the Spady House as a museum
The Aftermath of World War II to the Present interpreting Delray's African-American heritage. As the new
millennium begins, the city of Delray Beach is committed to
The physical development of most communities in Florida had insuring that the historic character of the city co-exists and
dramatically slowed during the war years from 1939 to 1945. In the enhances the exciting new development.
late 1940s, as life began to return to normal, growth throughout the
state, including Delray Beach, quickly resumed. When relocated
veterans faced a housing shortage, pre-fabricated homes were
quickly and efficiently constructed using the latest in building
technology. In addition to the year-round population, the tourist •
population also increased,once again reaching pre-war levels.
In the 1960s and 1970s, another wave of residents flooded Palm
Beach County when several corporations, Including IBM and •
Motorola, built their headquarters and manufacturing facilities in
the area. Growth exploded in the suburbs and new shopping
centers drew people away from the city's core. Unfortunately, this
westward growth negatively affected the older portions of the city;
along Atlantic Avenue, commercial buildings became empty and
the streets and sidewalks suffered from neglect.
By the late 1980s, Delray Beach took steps to reclaim its historic
resources, and efforts were soon underway to revitalize the historic
heart of the city. Various civic, private, and governmental agencies
worked together to improve the condition of Atlantic Avenue. The
sidewalks were widened and repaved, trees were planted, lights
and benches were installed, and downtown parking was
accommodated. Several historic resources, including the Seaboard
Air Line Railway Station, were listed in the National Register of
Historic Places and the historic school buildings that comprise Old
School Square were rehabilitated.
In 1987, the City of Delray Beach enacted a preservation
ordinance that created the Delray Beach Local Register of Historic
Places and established a process to evaluate significance. The
ordinance also provides protective provisions for historic
properties, which Include design review for alterations and
additions and a provision for a demolition moratorium
3
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guide
SECTION II. IDENTIFYING AND PRESERVING THE CITY'S HISTORIC LEGACY
THE DELRAY BEACH LOCAL REGISTER OF • Is associated with the life of a major person important in city,
HISTORIC PLACES state, or national history;
• Is the site of an historic event with a significant effect upon the
The Delray Beach Local Register of Historic Places ("Local city, state, or nation;
Register") is a listing and a means by which to identify, • That it exemplifies the historical, political, cultural, or social
classify, and recognize buildings, structures, sites, objects trend of the community in history;
and improvements, and districts that are architecturally/ • Is associated with a past or continuing institution which has
archaeologically significant, as well as archaeological sites which contributed substantially to the city's life;
are important to the prehistory or history of the region. • That it portrays the environment in an era of history
characterized by a particular architectural style;
The Historic Preservation Board, the City Commission, or property • That it embodies the distinguishing characteristics of an
owners may nominate properties to the Local Register. After the architectural style, period, or method of construction;
submittal of a designation report (that is prepared by the owner • Is a historic or outstanding work of a prominent architect,
with staff assistance when required), the Historic Preservation designer, landscape architect, or builder; or
Board will conduct a public hearing to evaluate the merits of the • That contains elements of design, detail, material, or
nominated property. Should the Board find that the preliminary craftsmanship of outstanding quality, or which represented, in
information demonstrates the significance of the property, it will its time, a significant innovation or adaptation to the South
consider the nomination at a subsequent public hearing. At that Florida environment.
meeting, the Historic Preservation Board will make its
recommendation in favor or against. If the recommendation is For properties of archaeological significance, they must meet the
favorable, the nomination will be forwarded to the City Commission test as to whether or not they have yielded or may yield information
for final approval. If the City Commission votes in favor of the important in history or prehistory.
designation, an ordinance is enacted that lists the property in the
Delray Beach Register of Historic Places. DES M ",7 }
1ndieiduat�.y Ltsted Local Register Pr p t t+ °
DESIGNATION CRITERIA ...
The Historic Preservation Board is charged with determining 1. Scott House—19 Andrews Avenue
whether or not a property or district nominated to the Local 2. Fontaine Fox House—610 N. Ocean Boulevard
Register has value or interest in the historical, cultural, and/or 3. Site of School No. 4 Delray Colored School — NW 5th
architectural heritage of the city of Delray Beach, the state of Avenue
Florida, and/or the nation. To qualify for listing the Board must 4. Greater Mount Olive Missionary Baptist Church — 40 NW
find that the nominated property meets one or more of the 4th Avenue
following criteria: 5. St. Paul's African Methodist Episcopal Church — 119 NW
5th Avenue
4
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design —lines
6. Free & Accepted Masons of Delray Beach — 85 NW 5th Contributing and Non-Contributing Resources:
Avenue
7. St. Matthew's Episcopal Church—404 SW 3`d Street These judgments are' made in the evaluation of historic districts
• 8. The Koch House—777 N. Ocean Boulevard and are especially important, as the classification assigned will
9. Sundy Feed Store—Morikami Museum affect the eligibility of the resource for such incentives as the ad
10. Historic Depot Square—1525 West Atlantic Avenue valorem tax credit program.
11. The Colony Hotel & North Annex—525 East Atlantic Avenue
12. Milton-Myers Post No. 65 American Legion of the U.S. — A contributing building, site, structure or object adds to the
263 NE 5th Avenue historic architectural qualities, historic associations, or
13. Solomon Spady House— 170 NW 5th Avenue archaeological values for which a district is significant because:
14. Susan Williams House—30 NW 3`d Avenue
15. The Blank House—85 SE 6th Avenue a. It is usually more than fifty (50) years old, was present
16. The Monterey House—20 N. Swinton Avenue during the period of significance, and possesses historic
17. The Historic Bungalow—24 N. Swinton Avenue integrity reflecting its character at that time or is capable of
18. The Sandoway House—142 S. Ocean Boulevard yielding Important information about the period; or
19. The Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church Chapel — 400 N.
Swinton Avenue b. It independently meets the National Register criteria.
20. The Turner House—145 NE 6th Avenue
21. The Price House—1109 Sea Spray Avenue A non-contributing building, site, structure or object does not
22. The Fellowship Hall of the First Presbyterian Church of add to the historic architectural qualities, historic associations, or
Delray Beach—36 Bronson Street archaeological values for which a district is significant because:
23. Atlantic Avenue Bridge—East Atlantic Avenue at Intracoastal
Waterway a. It usually is not more than fifty (50) years old, was not
24. George Bush Blvd Bridge—NE 8th Street Bridge present during the period of significance, no longer
25. Water House—916-918 NE 5 Street possesses its historic character which would reflect its
26. S.E. O'Neal House—910 NE 2nd Avenue original character, and is not capable of yielding important
information about the period.
HISTORIC DISTRICTS
Presently the Delray Beach has listed five areas as local historic
A historic district is defined as a geographically definable area, districts.They are:
' possessing a significant concentration, linkage or continuity of
sites, buildings, structures or objects united by past events, or Old School Square Historic District
aesthetically by plan or physical development. A district covers an Marina Historic District
area, whereas an individual historic resource will stand alone in the Del-Ida Park Historic District
argument for its significance. Nassau Park Historic District
West Settler's Historic District
In a historic district, the individual properties that comprise the
district may not themselves be eligible for individual listing, but as
part of a group, contribute to creating a sense of character that
binds the district together as an ensemble.
5
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Gas
Old School Square Historic District Del-Ida Park Historic District
Listed in the Delray Beach Local Register of Historic Places, 1988 Listed in the Delray Beach Local Register of Historic Places, 1988
The Old School Square Historic District was listed in the Local Recorded in 1923, Del-Ida Park was one of Delray's earliest
Register of Historic Places in 1988. The inventory of historic planned communities. With its unique diagonal arrangement of
architecture ranges from Frame and Masonry Vernacular and streets and triangular lots, Del-Ida Park is unique when contrasted
Bungalow to Mission and Mediterranean Revival styles dating with the grid pattern layout of the remainder of the city.
between 1902 and 1945. The district boundaries expand south to Architectural styles throughout the neighborhood reflect the
SE 2nd Street and north to NE 4th Street with NW and NE 1st popular culture of South Florida and the land boom and bust that
Avenues making up the west and east boundaries. The name of followed. Dating between the 1920s and 1940s, Mediterranean
the historic district refers to its focal point, the Old School Square and Mission Revival styles are prevalent with detailed Bungalows,
Complex at 51 North Swinton Avenue. Situated in the heart of the Craftsman Cottages, and Frame Vernacular dwellings also
downtown, the complex is made up of the city's first high school present. The neighborhood lies between NE 4th Street and NE 8th
and original gymnasium. The Crest Theater, facing Swinton Street (George Bush Boulevard), with Swinton Avenue to the west
Avenue, was built in 1926 in a Mediterranean Revival style. The and NE 3`d Avenue to the east. Del-Ida Park became a locally-
Cornell Museum (now the Cornell Museum of Art& History), facing designated historic district in 1988.
a ' Atlantic Avenue, was built in 1913 in a Masonry Vernacular style.
The arcade and band shell on the site were added in 2001. Marina Historic District
Listed in the Delray Beach Local Register of Historic Places, 1988
Nassau Park Historic District
Listed in the Delray Beach Local Register of Historic Places, 1988 Constructed predominantly between 1922 and 1943, the district
displays various architectural styles ranging from Mediterranean
Nassau Park was the city's first planned residential development and Mission Revival to Monterey, Florida Cottages, and Art
south of Atlantic Avenue, and was the first to be designated as a Moderne. The historic district includes commercial, single-family
local historic district. The development was intended to compliment residences, and multi-family residences. The Boyd Building on
the surrounding resorts and hotels along South Ocean Boulevard East Atlantic Avenue, immediately west of the bridge, is a
and the topography of the area. Built in the Cape Cod Revival and particularly distinctive example of a large-scale commercial
Minimal Traditional styles dating between 1935 and 1941, the building designed in the Streamline Moderne style. The area was
neighborhood remains residential today. Originally named Jo-Jo home to many prominent seasonal residents who enjoyed its close
Avenue, it was renamed by developer R. C. MacNeil, who proximity to the ocean and the Intracoastal Waterway. The
commissioned architect Samuel Ogren, Sr. to design the first buildings highlight the designs of prominent architects of the day,
house in 1935. District boundaries include the two-block area of including Gustav Maas, Samuel Ogren, Sr., and John Volk. The
Nassau Street between Venetian Drive to the west and South Marina District is bounded by East Atlantic Avenue to the north, SE
Ocean Boulevard to the east. Nassau Park was listed as a local 4th Street to the south, SE 7th Avenue to the west and the
historic district in 1988. Intracoastal Waterway to the east. The Marina District was
designated a historic district in the Local Register of Historic
Places in 1988.
6
Delray Beach Historic Preservation DesigI I'IIIII'lines
West Settler's Historic District c, Embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period or
Listed in the Delray Beach Local Register of Historic Places, 1995 method of construction, or that represent a significant and
distinguishable entity whose components may lack
Originally called "the Sands," so named for its sandy soil, the West individual distinction; or
Settler's Historic District is the site of the first African-American
settlement in Delray Beach established in 1894. African-Americans d. Yield, or be likely to yield, information important in
from northern and western Florida, Georgia and South Carolina prehistory or history.
were the first non-native settlers in the Delray area, pioneering a
rich agricultural heritage. The community was self-sufficient, with Forms for the nomination of properties to the National Register of
commercial buildings and churches serving the residents. Dating Historic Places may be requested from the Survey and
back to 1905, manyFrame Vernacular styles abound in the area,Y Registration Section, Division of Historical Resources, R.A. Gray
as early settlers utilized both local materials and their own Building, 500 South Bronough Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32399,
knowledge of construction to develop the built environment. High or for further information visit the DHR Web site at
styles include Bungalow and Mission Revival architecture http://dhr.dos.state.fl.us.
popularized in the 1920s. West Settler's was designated a historic
district in the Local Register of Historic Places in 1995. Local Nomination Process
THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Anyone with the necessary expertise may nominate a property to
the National Register. However, if an individual site is nominated
With the passage of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, and the owner objects, the property will not be listed, (although it
the National Park Service of the Department of the Interior was may be determined eligible for listing). In the case of a historic
' charged with maintaininga "National Register of sites, buildings, district, 51% or more of the owners must object to g g g the listing. j prevent
structures and objects significant in American history, architecture,
engineering and culture." In order to qualify for listing in the
National Register, a property must generally be at least fifty (50) The process for nomination and listing in the National Register first
years old unless it possesses exceptional significance. requires its review by the Delray Beach Historic Preservation
Board. The nomination should first be submitted to the city's
The age of the property does not alone qualify the property for Historic Preservation Planner. At a public hearing, the Board will
listing. The property must also possess integrity of location, evaluate the nomination based on the criteria for significance and
design, setting, materials, feeling and association, and meet one or make its recommendation to the Florida National Register Review
more of the following criteria: Board. That Board will review the nomination at one of its quarterly
meetings, and should it find that the property meets one or more of
a. Be associated with events that have made a significant the criteria, will forward the nomination to the 'Keeper of the
contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or National Register in Washington, D.C.
b. Be associated with the lives of persons significant in our
past; or
7
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design GuideIll I1IU
Properties Listed in the National Register of Historic Places Intensive Surveys
The J.B. Evans House Listed: March 28, 2002 Following the determination of boundaries, the next step in the
(Sandoway House) survey process is to painstakingly document each of the historic
142 South Ocean Boulevard resources that are within the survey boundaries. For each
resource, that includes mapping; photographic documentation;
The Milton-Myers American Listed:April 20, 1995 research into the date of construction, identity of the architect/
Legion Post No.65 builder, original owners, and original uses; and a detailed
description of the resource. The survey information is recorded on
The Seaboard Airline Railroad Listed: September 4, 1986 a Florida Master Site File form, produced by the Department of
Station State, Division of Historical Resources, and made a permanent
part of Florida's archival collections.
The John Sundy and Elizabeth Listed: January 16, 1992
Shaw House Historic Surveys Conducted in the City of Delray Beach
Old School Square Complex Listed: 1988 The 1987 Delray . Beach Historic Sites Survey inventoried
properties in the locally-designated Marina Historic District, Nassau
HISTORIC SITES SURVEYS Park Historic District, Old School Square Local Historic District,
Del-Ida Park Local Historic District, West Settler's Historic District,
and the Vista Del Mar area. As a result of this survey, 285
Historic surveys are a method of documenting the historic properties built before 1940 were identified.
resources of a particular place, and are the first step in identifying
historic structures. By its nature, a survey does not attempt to be The Delray Beach Historic Resources Survey (Phase I) was
entirely comprehensive but treats the areas in general, so that a completed in 1999, and included the Dell Park and Osceola Park
more specific study may be conducted in the future. Because they neighborhoods, the commercial district along Atlantic Avenue, and
provide the initial documentation, historic surveys are an important resources located on the barrier island between the Intracoastal
tool in establishing preservation priorities. Waterway and Atlantic Avenue. The survey report, available in the
office of Delray Beach's Historic Preservation Planner, includes a
Reconnaissance Surveys summary of the city's architectural and historical development, a
time-line chronology, and recommendations for future survey
The initial step in the appraisal of an area that is to be surveyed is activities.
to conduct a reconnaissance survey. In this process, scholars may
drive through an area noting those resources that clearly are of a The Delray Beach Historic Sites Survey (Phase II) was completed
historic period. This level of the survey process assists the survey in 2002, and identified 500 buildings constructed prior to 1955. The
manager in making recommendations for the boundaries that will individual site file forms that include a photograph, as well as the
be included in the more intensive survey to follow. findings and recommendations, are available in the office of the
Historic Preservation Planner.
8
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Desigrlines
SECTION III. PROCESS AND PROCEDURES
THE ROLE OF THE CITY OF DELRAY BEACH LOCAL HISTORIC DESIGNATION CRITERIA
HISTORIC PRESERVATION BOARD
Special criteria have been established which assist the Historic
The city's Historic Preservation Board is composed of seven Preservation Board in the evaluation of applications for local
citizens appointed by the City Commission who have a historic designation. To qualify as a historic site or district the
demonstrated interest in historic preservation, as well as citizens property must meet at least one of these criteria, and typically
who have a specialized discipline that is directly related to meets more than one. Generally, in order for a property to even be
the work of the Board. The City Commission assigns the considered for historic designation, it must be at least fifty (50)
responsibilities for preservation matters to the Historic Preservation years old.
Board, which is supported by professional staff in the Planning and
Zoning Department. Criteria for Significance
The Board meets bi-monthly on the first and third Wednesdays of • Is associated with the life of a person important in city,
each month, and their duties include: state, or national history;
• Is the site of a significant historic event associated with the
• Reviewing and recommending properties for listing in the city, state, or nation;
Delray Beach Register of Historic Places; • Exemplifies the historical, political, cultural, or social trend
• Reviewing National Register nominations prior to their of the community in history;
submission to the Florida Division of Historical Resources; • Is associated with a past or continuing institution (e.g.,
• Reviewing Certificates of Appropriateness for health care facilities, schools, organized sports) which has
rehabilitations, alterations, adaptive use, new construction contributed substantially to the city's life;
in historic districts and demolition of locally designated • Portrays the environment in an era of history characterized
{
historic structures; by a particular architectural style;
• Reviewing requests to grant ad valorem tax exemptions for • Embodies the distinguishing characteristics of an
qualified historic property improvements; architectural style, period, or method of construction;
• Reviewing requests for variances from existing ordinances • Is a historic or outstanding work of a prominent architect,
(acts in lieu of the Board of Adjustment); designer, landscape architect, or builder;
• Reviewing waivers from certain provisions contained in the • Contains elements of design, detail, material, or
Land Development Regulations; craftsmanship of outstanding quality, or which
• Developing design guidelines for historic properties; and represented, in its time, a significant innovation or
• Recommending and providing support for grant funding. adaptation to the South Florida environment; or
• Has yielded, or may be able to yield, information about
history or prehistory.
9
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design&Les
CERTIFICATES OF APPROPRIATENESS subject property. The Building Department is responsible for the
structural integrity, life safety, accessibility and other building and
What is a certificate of appropriateness and who needs one? regulatory codes that must be in compliance before a permit may
be issued. The Certificate of Appropriateness process should be
Once a property has been deemed significant to the history and concluded before an application for a building permit is submitted.
built environment of the city, the Historic Preservation Board must
review any building activity or demolition requests concerning NO BUILDING PERMITS FOR HISTORIC STRUCTURES MAY
those historic properties. The Board's objective is to insure that the BE ISSUED WITHOUT THE SIGNATURE OF THE CITY'S
character and environment of the historic building or district is HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLANNER, ACTING ON BEHALF
preserved by preventing incompatible alterations, overwhelming OF THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION BOARD.
additions, demolitions, and in the case of historic districts,
incompatible new construction. What changes can be made to a historic building?
A Certificate of Appropriateness application is filed when The goal of historic preservation is to see that historic resources
alterations, construction, or other work to the exterior of a continue to convey their historic character, while at the same time
designated historic site, or building within a designated historic being sensitive to .the reasonable needs and concerns of the
district is proposed. The application process begins with the present. Rehabilitation is a process that respects the character of
completion of a form that requests a thorough description of the each historic building while it allows for respectful change,
work that is proposed and that includes sufficient illustrative Rehabilitation assumes that alterations will take place in order
information, that the Board may make a reasoned decision. to make a building useful and practical, and to comply with
Following a public hearing (for more complicated projects), a code requirements that involve life safety, energy conservation
Certificate of Appropriateness may be is issued by the Historic and accessibility.
Preservation Board.
Do I need a Certificate of Appropriateness for ordinary
Whether the property is residential or commercial, anyone who maintenance or repairs?
owns a historic property (or their authorized agent) is responsible
for filing a certificate of appropriateness. In the case of a Generally, if a building permit is not required for the proposed
development project that involves historic buildings, the Certificate work, then a Certificate of Appropriateness will not be needed.
of Appropriateness process is incorporated into the Site Plan Repairs are defined as correcting the deterioration by restoring
, Approval process. the damage, as nearly as possible, to the appearance before
the deterioration.
If I file an application for a Certificate of Appropriateness, do I
also need a Building Permit? A Certificate of Appropriateness is not needed for work on the
interior. Interior is defined as all enclosed, air-conditioned space.
The Historic Preservation Board does not supercede or
replace the authority and regulations of the Building When in doubt, check with the City's Historic Preservation
Department. A building permit Is necessary for any Planner.
construction in the City of Delray Beach. The concerns of the
Historic Preservation Board focus on the design qualities of the
project, and how that design respects the historic character of the
10
II''''II
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design 'Mines
ines
How can I receive a Certificate of Appropriateness? What is different about this process when compared to the
Site Plan Review and Approval Board(SPRAB)?
• An application for a Certificate of Appropriateness may be
requested from the Planning and Zoning Department. The The administration and support for the SPRAB Board is also a
application must be completed, returned to Planning and Zoning, function of the city's Planning and Zoning Department. The SPRAB
and a filing fee paid. The additional information that accompanies is also composed of citizen members, but its role is to evaluate any
the application is determined by the project's complexity. For commercial project not within a historic_district. For commercial
example, the replacement of a roof will require far less projects within a locally designated historic district, the Historic
documentation than for the construction of an addition. Preservation Board meets in lieu of SPRAB.
Typically, for more involved projects, the applicant must submit: How is a design evaluated by the Historic Preservation Board,
do they have special standards?
• Appropriate Site Plans
• Architectural Drawings (Building elevations and floor The objective of design review for historic structures is to
plans) insure that the character of the building is maintained, whether
• Photographs that involves alterations or additions. Character is defined as
Sketches/Renderings the physical appearance of the building, but in a historic district,
• Current Sketches/Renderings
also includes its setting. At a minimum, character-defining
• Sket
Survey features include:
• Material Samples
• Color Samples • Massing •
• Scale
In a development project that includes historic properties, the • Building Footprint
certificate of appropriateness process is an additional requirement, • Architectural Details
and does not relieve the applicant of the application process for: • Orientation
• Site Plan Approval
• Conditional Use Approval
• Zoning Changes
For new construction within a historic district, the information
should include:
• Graphics or photographs that adequately illustrate the
streetscape where the property is located. These provide a
visual context, and a measure to assist in the
appropriateness of the new construction.
A pre-application conference with the Historic Preservation
Planner is strongly recommended.
11
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guld l U
CERTIFICATES OF APPROPRIATENESS FOR to six (6) months from the date of the Board's action
DEMOLITION (Ordinance 13-87 Sec. 31-18 (5)).
3. Grant a Certificate of Appropriateness for the demolition of
The act of demolition is an irreversible act that requires the utmost a non-contributing building within a historic district with a
consideration and search for alternatives. As a result, the delayed effective date of up to three (3) months from the
conditions under which the Historic Preservation Board would date of the Board's action (Ordinance 13-87 Sec. 31-18
allow the demolition of a historic structure are strictly regulated. (5)).
The guidelines to evaluate requests for demolition of a historic The purpose of the demolition delay period is to allow the Board to
property include: take actions that may result in the preservation of the structure.
Those actions may include: consultation with community groups,
a. Is the structure of such interest or quality that it would public agencies and interested citizens; making a recommendation
reasonably fulfill criteria for designation for listing in the that that the property be acquired by either public or private
National Register of Historic Places? entities; and exploring the possibility of moving the structure to
b. Is the structure of such design, craftsmanship or material another location.
that it could be reproduced only with great difficulty and/or Undue Economic Hardship
economically unviable expense?
c. Is the structure one of the last remaining examples of its
kind in the neighborhood, city or designated historic No decision of the Board can result in undue economic hardship
district? for the property owner. In order to prove a claim of economic
d. Would retaining the structure promote the general welfare hardship, the following information must be provided to the Board
of the City of Delray Beach by providing an opportunity to at least fifteen (15) calendar days prior to the hearing of the
study local history, architecture and design, or by request for a Certificate of Appropriateness:
developing an understanding of the importance and value 1. The amount paid for the property, the date of purchase
of a particular culture or heritage? and the party from whom purchased;
e. Are there definite plans for immediate reuse of the 2, The assessed value of the land and improvements
property If the proposed demolition is carried out, and what according to the two (2) most recent assessments;
effect will those plans have on, the character of the 3. The amount of real estate taxes paid for the previous two
surrounding area?
(2)years;
Following a public hearing at which the demolition request is made,
4. The annual debt service or mortgage payments, if any, for
the Historic Preservation Board may: the previous two(2)years;
5. All appraisals, if any, obtained within the previous two (2)
1. Refuse to grant a Certificate of Appropriateness, followed years by the owner or applicant in connection with the
within fifteen (15) days by a written statement that purchase,financing or ownership of the property;
describes the public interest that the Board seeks to 6. Any listing of the property for sale or rent, price asked and
preserve(Ordinance 13-87 Sec.31-18(4)). offers received, if any; and
2. Grant a Certificate of Appropriateness for demolition of an 7. Any consideration by the owner of profitable adaptive uses
for the property, including possible fair market rents for the
individually designated site, or a contributing building property if it were rented or leased in its current condition.
within a historic district, with a delayed effective date of up
12
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Gu
If the property is income producing, the following additional element of the original "fabric" of the building. The salvaged
information is needed: materials are intended for reuse in other vintage properties within
the City of Delray Beach that share similar characteristics. At the
1. The annual gross income from the property for the Board's discretion, the Board or the Delray Beach Historical
previous two (2)years; Society may salvage and preserve building materials, architectural
2. The annual cash flow, if any, for the previous two (2) detail and ornament or other important building elements, at their
years; and own expense.
3. The status of leases, rentals or sales from the previous
two(2)years The Board may also request the. Delray Beach Historical Society,
or the owner at the owner's expense, document and record the
The Historic Preservation Board may also require additional property for the archival record. That documentation may include
information that would assist them in evaluating the case for measured drawings and large-scale photography.
economic hardship. Where the information is not available, the
owner must furnish an affidavit, a statement as to why the APPEALS OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION BOARD DECISIONS
information is not available. When the information is unavailable
and it concerns financial information, the owner/applicant may If the Historic Preservation Board fails to recommend a property for
submit estimates with an explanation as to how the estimates local historic designation, a written appeal must be filed within the
were formulated. ten (10) days following the date of the Board's action. Only the
actual property owner will have the right to appeal a denial by the
Unsafe Structures Board.
If a property owner can demonstrate that the City has condemned Decisions of the Board regarding applications for Certificates of
a historic property, and the Board refuses to grant a Certificate of Appropriateness may be appealed by applying to the City
Appropriateness, the building may be demolished only after Commission on or before thirty (30) calendar days following the
sufficient evidence proving the unsoundness of the structure is date of the Board's action. The City Commission will then consider
provided. If the Board disputes the findings, it may commission an the Board's decision and its written explanation of the Board's
engineer to conduct an independent appraisal of the structural action and hold a hearing within a reasonable time following the
soundness of the building. If the Board and the property owner filing of an appeal. At this hearing, the applicant may address the
disagree on the soundness of the building, a third independent application and any supporting material presented to the Board;
engineer will evaluate the conclusions of the previous two however, no new material or evidence shall be presented or
opinions, and make a professional appraisal of the building's considered. The City Commission will vote upon the appeal and
soundness. The cost of the third appraisal will be shared equally any approval or disapproval of the appeal must be approved by a
between the owner and the Board. majority vote of the City Commission.
Mitigation Efforts
If a historic building has received a Certificate of Appropriateness
for demolition, the Board may request that the owner salvage, at
the owner's expense, certain classes of building materials,
architectural details and ornament, fixtures or any other significant
13
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design GUlNies
SECTION IV. PREVALENT STYLES OF ARCHITECTURE
INTRODUCTION ABOUT ARCHITECTURAL STYLE
Cities and towns across America are characterized by the types There are two principal components that must be considered
and design of the buildings constructed for each place. Climate together when defining an architectural style. The first is the form
and environment, traditions, available building materials, newly the building takes, beginning with its plan shape and structural
developed technology and current fashion heavily influence character. Form is comprised of the interrelationship between
the choice and types for regional designs. For example, the proportion, scale, solids and voids, height, depth and width.
steeply pitched gables of New England roofs are designed so that
snowfall cannot accumulate, a consideration of no consequence to Decoration, or ornamentation is the second component that gives
South Florida. definition to any particular architectural style, and is non-structural
in nature. Materials that have been crafted, tooled or formed
In Delray Beach, building forms were largely a result of beyond the need for structure or enclosure are considered to be
environmental concerns. For example, to protect residents from ornamentation. Typical examples are bargeboards, attic vents,
storms and animals, foundations were raised off the ground. railings, cast concrete shields and medallions, chimney caps and
Because of the durability and ready availability of Dade County metal grilles.
Pine, many homes were built of wood frame construction. Roof
overhangs and porches provided relief from the rain and sun, and The City of Delray Beach has a wealth of architectural styles that
gable ends allowed the space for ventilation, span decades. The most common types are described in the
following pages.
The City of Delray Beach has a number of recognizable
architectural styles that define its character and create its identity.
As time progresses, so do the designs for both residential and
commercial buildings. One of the ways that progress may be
defined is through the identification of the most popular building
types during the period.
Chronology
There are four distinct periods of development in the City of Delray
Beach. They may be characterized as The Pioneer Era (1876-
1915); The Boom (1923-1926); The Golden Age (1933-1941); and
the Post War Era (1942-1954). For each of those chronological
divisions, the pre-dominant architectural styles changed and
reflected the prevalent social and economic conditions of the day.
14
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guic
Vernacular(Masonry and Frame)
The dictionarydescribes "vernacular" as somethingnative to a
OEM
particular area or resident culture. In architecture, vernacular
is used to embrace a diversity of folk and mass-produced
building forms that were transmitted by memory or sometimes by ,, ,
pattern book.
Vernacular buildings were designed and constructed by lay
am.builders who utilized traditional building techniques. When America `` " '``� "` "` +"� " '"' Pal '"'' *Mr "` '"` "'`
changed from an agrarian nation to a nation with an industrial
economy during the late nineteenth century, mass production was
II 11
made possible, leadingto the standardization of buildingelements. '�""�
Decorative features were often derived from historical stylesthat 11111i 11axa
�_ _ i � I }
may result in a classification of Vernacular with elements that are , r tied to an architectural tradition. For example, residential buildings .�r.,� tii�•+ter ,►•"-: _
Andial•.s► + •� '� _
in the City of Delray Beach are frequently a vernacular type, but
have recognizable features associated with the Mediterranean (Illustration is placeholder only, not final graphic)
Revival or Mission styles.
The Vernacular is no less important than examples of recognized
traditional architectural styles. In fact, of all the building styles,
Vernacular is of the most significant consequence in defining the
unique characteristics of a place. In Delray Beach, most of the
Vernacular examples are built between the early 1920s and the
late 1940s.
Characteristics:Residential Frame Vernacular
• Rectangular or Ell plan shape
• Horizontal weatherboard siding
• Gabled or hipped roof
• One to one-and-a-half stories in height
• Shed-roofed porch across front elevation
• Ornamentation limited to wooden rafter tails, cornerboards,
vents in the gable end, and shutters.
• Sash window types
• Raised pier foundation
15
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design G� 's
Masonry Vernacular: Residential (1890-1940) **ILLUSTRATION**(Masonry Vernacular: Residential )
Masonry Vernacular buildings share many of the same
characteristics with those constructed in the Frame Vernacular
style. They tend to be simple, largely unornamented and
constructed from readily available building materials.
Most of the masonry vernacular residences in Delray Beach were
constructed during the 1920s and 1930s. Their flat roofs and
stucco surfaces illustrate the popularity of the Mediterranean and
Mission styles that were often used in Boom Time developments.
The predominant construction materials are hollow clay tile,
concrete block and brick.
Characteristics:Residential Masonry Vernacular
• Rectangular plan shape
• One story in height
• Stucco veneer(smooth and textured)
• Gabled, hipped, cross-gabled and flat
• Roofing materials: "S" tile, barrel tile, flat concrete tile,
composition shingles
• Ornament: cast concrete motifs; scored stucco, concrete
lintels and sills
Masonry Vernacular: Commercial (1890-1940) **ILLUSTRATION**(Masonry Vernacular: Commercial)
Almost all of the Masonry Vernacular commercial buildings are
located on Atlantic Avenue, the city's main commercial
thoroughfare. While some of the commercial buildings date from
the 1920s, the majority were built in the 1940s.
Characteristics: Commercial Masonry Vernacular
• One to two stories in height
• Flat roofs
• Stucco veneer
• Metal frame,fixed glass display windows on first floor
• Decorative coping on parapet
16
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Gins
Bungalow(1910-1940) • Use of natural materials
• Masonry piers, often tapered, supporting the porch roof
The word "bungalow" originated in India, and comes from the • Wide overhanging eaves, exposed rafter tails
Bengalese bangle, meaning "belonging to Bengal." The British • Brackets (or triangular knee braces) used at the roof line
used the term during the beginning of the nineteenth century to
describe a low house surrounded by a veranda. Such houses were
built by the Indian Government along main roads to serve as
temporary rest stops for travelers. These simple, one-story houses -
that featured porches or verandas across the front, borrowed
elements from buildings in the Far East, including India and Japan. L
Bungalows in America were commonplace in the late nineteenth 777: -
century, particularly in California where they were frequently
embellished with elements of the Queen Anne, Stick, Craftsman
and Shingle styles. The style was featured at the California Mid- �C
Winter Exposition of 1894 in an exhibition of Japanese
construction techniques. ) ;
0,9 k
In his 1909 book, Craftsman Houses, California architect Gustav
Stickley explained that the bungalow is a house reduced to its -E
simplest form. "It never fails to harmonize with its surroundings,"
Stickley went on to say, "because its low broad proportions and
absolute lack of ornamentation give it a character so natural and (Illustration is placeholder only, not final graphic)
unaffected that it seems to sing into and harmonize with its
surroundings."
The enrichment of a Bungalow is through the use of materials, and
not the intentional attachment of ornament. The simplicity of the
approach precluded the use of any non-functional elements, as
structural elements were used to express the style. Bungalows
were especially popular in Florida from the beginning of the
twentieth century into the 1930s.
Characteristics:
• Regular plan, usually oriented with the narrow side facing
the street
• One to one-and-a-half stories
• Low gable roof lines with a broad pitch
• Prominent porches across the main elevation
17
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design GAM es
Shotgun House(1880-1930) **ILLUSTRATION**(Shotgun House)
This type is most commonly associated with southern cities, and is
a narrow, gable front dwelling that is one room wide. The origin of
this type is said to be from the West Indies, Africa and Haiti.
In the United States the Shotgun House became popular after the
Civil War when African-American freedmen migrated to southern
urban centers.
Characteristics:
• Frame construction
• One story in height
• One room deep
• Gable roofed with the gable end facing the street
• Elevated foundation
• Porch across the front
Colonial Revival (1900-1930) **ILLUSTRATION**(Colonial Revival)
In the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the United States, the
1876 Philadelphia Centennial Exposition renewed great interest in
the nation's colonial past. At the end of the century, Federal,
Georgian and Jeffersonian styles were popular across the country.
In Florida, the style exerted a great influence on vernacular
designs. Colonial Revival details are most frequently applied to
residential design.
Characteristics:
• Regular plan, usually rectangular or almost square
• Two to two-and-one-half stories In height
• Primary exterior material, wood siding
• Hip roofs; gambrel roof on Dutch Colonial Revival
• Classically-inspired details such as columns, modillions
and dentils
• Entrance featuring door with sidelights and transom above
18
IIIIIIIIIIII
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design II''IIIWlines
Minimal Traditional (1935-1950)
The term Minimal Traditional was coined to describe the transition
that occurs in residential design from the period just before World
War II through the 1950s. As housing became affordable and new gt
building technologies allowed for prefabrication and mass Aso
production, homes became simpler. The GI Bill enacted for ,., 4.1
returning servicemen enabled the middle classes to become ��MMM �� r..
homeowners, many for the first time.
I I $ =
One of these residential types, the Minimal Traditional, relied on SIONNIN'
the inspiration of the Tudor cottages that were so popular during li
the 1920s and 1930s. The Tudor inspiration is reflected in the
dominant front gable of the main elevation, which frequently
features a prominent chimney. The roof pitch has been lowered I
and ornament is omitted.
r .
Characteristics: (Illustration is placeholder only, not final graphic)
• One story
• Front facing gable
• Eaves are close, no overhangs
• Roofs, low-pitched gables
• Windows include wood frame double-hung sash, metal
fixed, and awning types
• Roof surfacing: composition shingles, concrete tiles
• Details include: vents in gable end, shutters, rafter tails,
cornerboards.
19
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design GUI!JLJIllles
Mission (1919-1940)
The Mission style can be traced back to the California mission
churches established by Father Junipero Serra during the 1700s.
These missions were built one day's walk apart and were a symbol of
Spain's claim to the New World. Originating in California during the
1890s, houses and buildings in this style were constructed
throughout the western states.
t .
When fashionable architects and magazines began promoting the
Mission style, it moved eastward. Like California, Florida looked to its
Spanish heritage for architectural inspiration. During the first two
decades of the twentieth century, the influences of the Craftsman
style, or Bungalow, building type also were evident in the smaller
residential Mission prototypes.Within South Florida,the Mission style
was among the most dominant style during the Florida Land (Illustration is placeholder only, not final graphic)
Boom years.
The Mission style is sometimes confused with Mediterranean
Revival. While the two are extremely similar, and the term
Mediterranean Revival refers to an eclecticism and not a pure style,
generally the Mission style is distinct because it lacks surface
ornament and is therefore much more restrained.
Characteristics:
• Plan: irregular.
• Foundation: continuous concrete, slab concrete.
• Height: one to two stories.
• Flat roofs obscured by parapets that are frequently shaped
• Stucco finish (rough or smooth textured)
• Tile coping
20
Delray Beach Historic Preservation DeslgrFlines
Mediterranean Revival/Spanish Eclectic(1920-1940) Characteristics:
The Mediterranean Revival style was not limited to Florida, but • Irregular plan
finds examples across the country, notably in California, Arizona • Broad areas of uninterrupted surfaces covered with
and Texas. Contemporary architectural historians have differed in textured or smooth stucco
their choice of names for this Florida phenomenon, but all agree • Cast stone or concrete ornament concentrated around
that Florida's Mediterranean Revival demonstrates an eclecticism windows and doorways
that capitalizes on a number of design traditions. • Combination of roof slopes including flat, gabled and
hipped
In an article entitled "The New Mediterranean Architecture of • Use of arcades and loggias
Florida" by Matlack Price, published in the June 1925 edition of • Juxtaposition of one-and two-story sections
House Beautiful, the author describes the style that became the • Use of towers, particularly as corner features
pre-eminent choice for buildings in Florida during the Land Boom • Clay barrel tile roof coverings
of the 1920s. He begins by describing the Spanish-derivative forms • Wrought iron decorative ornament employed as grilles
in California specifically refers to Mission Revival, and then • Plan shapes that allow for interior courtyards
continues to Arizona and Texas to describe Pueblo designs.
• Casement windows
Virginia and Lee McAlester in their best seller A Field Guide to • Doorways flanked by columns or pilasters
American Architecture, begin their explanation with a section
entitled "Eclectic Houses 1880-1940." They then call out variants ��
of what has been generically called Mediterranean Revival. They ' `�
include the following styles: Italian Renaissance, Mission, Spanish 00,01044-"`
Eclectic, Monterey, and Pueblo Revival. g —+; i P` `~
:.:
Professor David Gebhard in his article for the Journal of the ; ")1
Society of Architectural Historians entitled "The Spanish Colonial
Revival in Southern California" provides a simpler explanation. He
states that in the broader application, the style is best called ► .�
Spanish Colonial Revival. He then notes that the Spanish Colonial Pr
-
Revival had two distinctive variations, first the Mission Revival and
�
then later the Mediterranean Revival.
•
In South Florida, historians are comfortable with the stylistic
identity of Mediterranean Revival as a commingling of inspiration
from the countries that border the Mediterranean Sea, including (Illustration is placeholder only, not final graphic)
Spain, Italy and the Northern coast of Africa with its rich
Moorish heritage.
21
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design es
Monterey Style(1925-1940)
This residential type is named for the colonial capitol of California
during the Spanish occupation. The Monterey style was popular in
Florida from the 1930s through the 1950s. While the style was
derived from the Spanish Colonial houses of Northern California, I
they typically combined Spanish Eclectic elements with Colonial 47
Revival details. The principal feature of the Monterey style Is a
second story porch that cantilevers over the first floor. ITTIT
Characteristics:
I'I )I
• Ell-shaped plan ilf a IQ12J
• Two stories itr~a
• Low-pitched gable covering cantilevered second story 4�
balcony (Illustration is placeholder only, not final graphic)
• Wood frame double-hung sash or casement type windows
• Combination of exterior cladding materials
• Tile or single roof coverings
• Full-length windows that open to the second floor porch
22
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design OIHlines
Art Deco(1925-1940) **ILLUSTRATION**
• Art Deco is considered one of the first of the "modern" styles, as it
is a conscientious move away from the historicist styles to a new
expression that sought to complement the machine age. The style
is a contemporary of the International Style. While created for the
Paris Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs and Industriels
Moderne, a show held In 1925, the style reached its zenith in the
United States in the 1930s. Art Deco is not just a style of
architecture, but is more a style of decoration that was used in
furniture, jewelry, clothing and handicrafts. Industrial designers
used the motifs to design streamlined cars, trains and even
kitchen appliances.
In architecture the style was not as common for single-
family homes, but was extremely popular for apartments and
commercial buildings.
Characteristics:
• Irregular Plan
• Two to three stories in height
• Flat roofs
• Smooth masonry surfaces and glass block
• Horizontal bands of ornamentation, sometimes as
projecting lintels or"eyebrows"
• Zigzags, chevrons, and geometric and stylized decorative
motifs, frequently polychromed
• Towers or other projections above the roofline add a
vertical emphasis
•
23
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design C yes
Art Moderne/Streamline Moderne (1930-1945) **ILLUSTRATION**(Art Moderne/Streamline Moderne)
Both of these styles are sub-types of Art Deco and are also
considered products of the modern movement in architecture.
Generally, Art Moderne or Streamline Modern are considered to
come after the introduction of Art Deco, although they share many
of the same characteristics.
Characteristics:
• Smooth wall surfaces
• Flat roof with a parapet
• Rounded corners
• Irregular plan
• One to three stories in height
• Horizontal grooves or lines in the wall
• Horizontal balustrade elements
• Coping at the roof line
International (1930-1970) **ILLUSTRATION**(International)
The International Style appeared in the 1930s as a modern stylistic
movement that abandoned non-essential decoration in favor of
expressing the structure of the building. The style embraced
functionalism, stark simplicity, and flexible planning. Its leading
proponents were architects Walter Gropius, Mies van der Rohe,
Richard Neutra and Marcel Breuer.
Characteristics:
• Ribbon and corner windows
• The use of concrete, glass and steel as building materials
• Continuous bands of windows that achieve a horizontal
quality
• Strips of windows and solid planes; the architects
emphasized a horizontal feeling
• Mechanical elements such as elevator shafts and air
conditioning compressors, often highly visible
• Cantilevers from ground floor piers
24
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design UUJ lines
Ranch (1935-1975) **ILLUSTRATION**
(I haven't sent this yet)
This style originated in California during the mid-1930s and
continued in popularity through the 1970s. The popularity of this
style is attributed to the availability of the automobile, which allowed
travel beyond streetcar, bus and train routes into the suburbs
outside the city core where land was still relatively inexpensive.
Houses that once had been built on compact lots, now were built on
larger parcels that allowed a one-story residence to take on
sprawling proportions
Characteristics:
• One story
• Asymmetrical front elevations
• Horizontal emphasis
• Low-pitched hipped roofs (occasionally gabled)
• Concrete tile or asphalt shingle roof covering
• Awning,fixed and jalousie window types
25
•
•
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Ages
,T
SECTION V. DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND RECOMMENDED REHABILITATION TREATMENTS
DESIGN REVIEW BY THE DELRAY BEACH The most common types of wood siding are:
HISTORIC PRESERVATION BOARD
• Beveled, Clapboard, Lap: Horizontal strips of wood that
The Board is guided by the principles established by The Secretary are slightly thicker on one edge in order to facilitate the
of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation, produced by the overlapping.
National Park Service in 1977 (revised 1990), to evaluate each • Board and Batten: Vertical boards with battens (narrow
Certificate of Appropriateness (COA) application. The standards vertical strips) placed over the joints between the boards.
provide a useful framework with which to measure a successful • Drop, Novelty, Rustic: Narrow strips of wood pieced
project, but are not intended to address every conceivable together; in many cases the upper portion of each board is
situation. The 10 standards are printed in Appendix A. concave.
• Shiplap: Strips of wood pieced together to appear as a flat
EXTERIOR SURFACES AND MATERIALS wall with horizontal lines.
• Shingle: Overlapping wood shingles in a variety of
To convey the authenticity and the patina acquired by age, nothing shapes.
can replace the value of the original materials, finishes and • Tongue and Groove: Boards that fit tightly together as the
ornament that were originally used in the construction of historic jutting edge of one board fits into the grooved end of
properties. another board.
• Deteriorated historic features should always be repaired yrather than replaced, unless the material no longer retains
its original features or has suffered such physical
degradation that repairs are no longer a viable option. li k
• The original siding conveys a number of qualities such as
profile, patina and shadow that are often not conveyed11
1 i
when mass-produced materials are used. iii
• When details have been covered over, every effort should
be made to reveal and retain what may be left.
Wood Sidingiii \\ 1
Wood frame construction was popular in Delray Beach largely 7'
because of its ready availability and relative economy. Wood siding11
is an exterior wall covering composed of wood boards that are
11
fastened to the structural frame of the building. Frequently the
siding is used as a decorative feature and different types of Wood Siding Types: Clapboard or Weatherboard, Dolly Varden or
shingles may be combined to achieve a desired effect. Beveled Siding, Drop Siding, and Board and Batten Siding
26
. II IIIIIIIIII''
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Desigri-4H�biines
Recommended Rehabilitation Treatments siding. This material may be authorized for use on a case-by-
case basis, but is generally discouraged.
• Retain full width of the corner and sill when installing siding.
Horizontal wooden clapboards approximately 4" apart overlap Not Recommended
one another and cast a shadow.
• Removing a major portion of wood from a façade instead of
• Retain all trim elements, replacing or repairing the deteriorated wood.
• Provide proper drainage so water does .not stand on flat • Stripping painted surfaces to bare wood to achieve a "natural"
horizontal surfaces or accumulate in decorative features. effect.
• Apply chemical preservatives to wood features such as beam • Failing to identify the underlying cause(s) of wood
ends or outriggers that are exposed to decay hazards and that deterioration. Conditions such as faulty flashing, leaking
are traditionally left unpainted. gutters, cracks and holes in the siding, deteriorated caulking in
joints and seams, plant material and weeds, insect and fungus
• Retain paint coatings that protect wood from moisture and infestation are some root causes of wood deterioration.
light. Without the treatment of the cause, the destruction will
continue.
• Remove paint using the least abrasive means possible, by
hand scraping or sanding for example. • Creating a false architectural appearance by adding or
Use chemical strippers to supplement other methods. eliminating detail(s).
• Detachable wooden elements, shutters, doors or columns may • Applying synthetic materials that conceal building materials.
be chemically dip-stripped with proper safeguards. Sidings, such as vinyl or aluminum, can mask the advance of
Repair wood features bytermite infestation or wood rot. Severe moisture problems may
• p patching, piecing-in, consolidating, or occur because siding traps moisture in the wall cavity.
otherwise reinforcing the wood.
• Repairs may include limited replacement with compatible
materials for those extensively deteriorated or missing parts or
features.
• Replacements should be designed using the existing physical
evidence as the pattern so that brackets, moldings or sections
of siding, for example, are based on the original details. That
evidence may be present elsewhere on the building or
documented through historic photographs or building plans.
• There are now commercially available fiber-cement
manufactured exterior sidings that simulate the look of wood
27
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Comes
Masonry(Stucco, Concrete Block, Brick, Hollow Clay Tile) • Repoint with a Portland cement that has the same consistency
as the original mortar.
Stucco is a durable finish comprised of cement, sand and lime that
is applied while still wet to a wire metal mesh or wood strips. • To determine any chemical reactions to the use of cleansers,
Because the stucco is pliable, it lends itself to texturing. Depending test a small area in an inconspicuous place prior to continuing.
on the effect desired or the type of architectural design, the stucco
may be applied to achieve a smooth texture or a variety of effects Not Recommended
when troweled on to create a rough texture. The rough textured
stucco Is typically a characteristic of Mission and.Mediterranean • Mixing types of materials, unless it can be documented.
Revival architecture, while the almost machined quality of smooth
stucco is a hallmark of Art Deco and Art Moderne styles. • The use of artificial materials, such as Permastone, stone and
wood veneers, or vinyl siding, should not be used.
Concrete is made from cement, aggregates and water. While it is
in a fluid state, it can be poured into forms and, when hardened, • Replacing when repairing would be sufficient.
has a durability similar to stone. Concrete Block was one of the
preferred materials for construction, particularly in the • Cleaning with abrasive methods, in particular sand blasting
Mediterranean Revival and Mission buildings of the 1920s and that erodes surfaces and actually accelerates deterioration
1930s. Concrete also was used to create decorative ornament, through water intrusion.
cast in shields, medallions and a variety of forms. The cast
concrete is sometimes called cast stone. • Cleaning with a high-pressure water blast, which may damage
Recommended Rehabilitation Treatments the mortar joints or the masonry.
Ensure that the material/surface is moisture-free before re- • Covering any masonry with stucco that was not originally
• covered.
pointing.
• Provide proper drainage so that water does not stand on flat,
horizontal surfaces or accumulate in curved decorative
features.
• Clean with low-pressure water (40-60 psi) and use natural
bristle brushes and a mild detergent with a neutral pH balance.
• Remove damaged or deteriorated paint only to the next sound
layer. Following surface preparation, apply compatible paint
coatings, using historically compatible colors.
• Repoint mortar joints so that the new mortar matches the
•
color, width of original joint, texture and density of the existing
mortar in color and size
28
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Gull=
Paint wheel, and blues and greens are dominant. These cool colors,
when used in a lighter intensity, create the pastels that have
Paint is essentially a protective covering that is applied to both frequently been associated with Art Deco designs.
frame and masonry surfaces. The choice of paint color for the
exterior of a historic property is a combination of personal taste, FOUNDATIONS
and in historic districts, consideration as to how that paint color will
affect the character of the neighborhood. Foundations are defined as those structural supports, above or
below grade, that support the weight of a building. Rusticated
Recommended Rehabilitation Treatments _masonry blocks, bricks, concrete slab and continuous piers are the
most common foundation structures for historic buildings. The
• The combination of colors selected for wall mass, trim and rehabilitation process should always consider a building's
decorative elements should be complimentary and should structural condition. A visual inspection under the structure will
avoid disharmony or color clashes. help to determine the structural condition of the foundation. Early
Frame.Vernacular and Bungalow styles were constructed on stone
• Paint should never be used to cover natural elements, such as piers supported by wood framing. In bungalows, the foundation
stone, wood or to cover brick. piers are an important character-defining element. Typically,
Mission, Mediterranean Revival and Streamline styles were
• Before painting, make all necessary roof, siding, and surface constructed with poured-in-place, reinforced concrete supports
repairs. with solid perimeter foundation walls.
• All deteriorated wood should be repaired or replaced in-kind. Recommended Rehabilitation Treatments
• Check window trims, seal holes, caulk cracks, and treat for • Exposed, unpainted natural stone should be retained.
wood fungus.
• Plantings should be kept clear of the foundation.
• Use commercial stripping compounds, electric paint removers,
wire brushes and putty knives to remove loose paint. • Lattice or basket-weave wood ventilators should be placed
between piers. The removal of these devices accelerates
• Wear a painter's mask and gloves to avoid inhaling or dampness and termite/insect decay.
absorbing paint dust.
• Portland cement mixes have not changed and, if repairs are
• Wash masonry walls with cleaning compound for a better necessary, a mason should be able to repoint in a similar size,
adhering surface for paint. material, density, profile and color.
• Paint clapboard's underside first. • The area around the foundation should always slope away
from the building to insure proper drainage.
Certain architectural styles lend themselves to different color
treatments. For example, Mediterranean Revival designs are
generally associated with warm colors in which the dominant hues
are red and yellow. Cool colors are at the opposite end of the color
29
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guide
ROOFS texture of the original material.) Missing parts of roofs, such as
cupola louvers, dentils, and dormer roofing, should be
Roofs perform the essential function of keeping a building replaced using the surviving examples as a guide to the
watertight. Because they have a limited useful life, many roofs new work.
have been replaced over time. Sometimes the materials used in
the replacement are not original to the building. Every effort should • Install mechanical, electronic or service equipment so that they
be made to identify the original roofing material and to use that are as inconspicuous as possible and, when installing, avoid
material in the event a non-historic roof is replaced. damaging or obscuring the view to character-defining features
such as dormers and cupolas.
Roof forms (e.g., flat, gabled, hipped) are integral to a building's
design, and are highly important as a character-defining feature. Not Recommended
For example, Mediterranean Revival buildings have flat roofs,
while bungalows almost always have a gabled or hipped roof • Changing the basic character of a roof by adding inappropriate
shape. The materials that cover the roof also are defining features such as dormers, vents, skylights, air-conditioners
characteristics that greatly contribute to the identity of a property. and solar collectors that are visible from the public right-of-
Wood shingle, clay barrel or mission tile are common roofing way.
materials in Delray Beach.
• Failing to properly clean and maintain gutters and downspouts
Roof overhangs or eaves provide shade, protect doorways, and so that water and debris collects, which may cause damage to
the shadows cast create a visual effect. Outrigger beams roof fasteners, sheathing and the underlying structure.
(sometimes called rafter tails) are decorative elements that further
contribute to the intrinsic character of a historic property. • Removing more of the roof than is necessary and reroofing
with a new material to achieve a uniform, or "improved,"
Recommended Rehabilitation Treatments appearance.
• If damaged, protect a leaking roof with plywood and building • Stripping the roof of its historic material (i.e., slate, clay tile,
paper until it can be properly repaired. wood or architectural metal).
• Preserve the roof's shape, decorative features, and materials,
as well as its patterning, color, and size.
• Maintain waterspouts and gutters and replace deteriorated
flashing. Sheathing should be checked to prevent
condensation and water penetration, and to insure protection
from insect infestation.
• Repair a roof by reinforcing the historic materials. Repairs will
generally include limited replacement with in-kind materials or
a suitable replacement. (Suitable is defined as matching, as
accurately as possible, the composition, size, shape, color and
30
'I"' Delray Beach Historic Preservation Deslgr dines
CHIMNEYS • Reveal or setback of the window from the wall plane;
• Whether the horizontal line of the sash is on the same, or
Traditionally, fireplaces were the focal point of a home where different, plane;
families would congregate and use the open fire for both cooking • The color and reflective qualities of the glass; and
and as a source of heat. Fireplace chimneys are another important • The muntin and mullion profiles and their configuration.
character-defining feature of a building and may project from a
roof, concealing the shaft, or are attached to an exterior wall and In pre—World War II designs, windows were most frequently either
extend from the ground floor past the roof. wooden single- or double-hung or a casement type. After the war,
jalousie and awning (sometimes called hopper) window types
In many early homes, the brick chimneys were left unpainted. Later became more prevalent.
chimney exteriors received the same surface treatment as the
exterior walls. In many of the Mediterranean Revival residences, Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standards
the chimneys received an ornamental cap that added another point
of interest to the design. 2. Retention of Distinguishing Architectural Character
3. Recognition of Historic Period
WINDOWS 6. Repair/Replacement of Deteriorated or Missing Architectural
Features Based on Historic Evidence
Windows are a preeminent character-defining feature of a building. 9. Compatible Contemporary Design for New Alterations/
Their placement, design and materials serve to articulate and give Additions
definition to the design-specific styles and periods of time. For
example: nineteenth century buildings typically have a narrow Recommended Rehabilitation Treatments
window dimension; in Bungalows, there are usually multiple panes
in the upper window sash; in Prairie School buildings, art glass is • Retain distinctive windows which feature a sash, muntins,
frequently used; and in Mediterranean Revival designs, windows glazing, sills, heads, hood molds, paneled or decorated jambs
are frequently arched. and moldings, and interior/exterior shutters and blinds.
1 Windows are comprised of a number of parts which each • Maintain with periodic cleaning, rust removal, paint removal,
contribute to the appearance. The sash of the window is its and reapplication of protective coating systems. Recaulk and
framework, which may be moveable or fixed, and which might slide replace weather stripping, making windows watertight and
in a vertical plane (as in a double-hung window) or be pivoted (as improving thermal efficiency.
in a casement window). The muntins are secondary framing
members that hold the panes within a window; a mullion is a • Repair frames and sash by patching, splicing, consolidating or
vertical member that separates panes and frequently adds support. otherwise reinforcing and replacing in kind.
When windows cannot be repaired, any replacement design • Design and install new windows when the historic windows are
should take into consideration the features of the original, completely missing. New windows in additions or exposed
including: party walls should be compatible with the overall design, but
not necessarily duplicate the fenestration pattern and detailing
• Trim detail; of a character defining elevation.
• Size and shape of frame;
31
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design files
Not Recommended • Awnings should follow the lines of the window opening. For
example, in a Mediterranean Revival style building, a round
• Cutting new openings, blocking windows, and installing a arched window should employ either a bell- or round-shaped
replacement sash that does not fit the window. window. For flat-headed windows,angled rectangular are most
appropriate.
• Changing the historic appearance through inappropriate
design materials or adding a finish or color that changes the • Awnings that obscure significant detail should not be used.
sash, depth of reveal, the reflectivity, or the appearance of the
frame.
• Retrofitting or replacing windows, rather than maintaining the
original. Bronze, black frame, or tinted windows are not
preferred choices.
SHUTTERS
Shutters were sometimes features of Colonial Revival buildings,
and Bahama shutters were sometimes incorporated into Bungalow
design. Shutters should not be used unless there is evidence that
they were original to the building.
If shutters are found to be appropriate, they should be operable or
appear to be operable and measure the full height and one-half the
width of the window frames. Typically, shutter dogs were used to
keep the shutters in place when not in use.
Shutters should be attached to the window casing rather than the
exterior finish material. Wooden shutters with horizontal louvers
are preferred over a metal or vinyl type.
AWNINGS
Canvas awnings were frequently used in Florida as protection from
the sun and elements. In addition to their functional purpose,
awnings frequently introduced color, and were part of the
decorative effect.
32
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Deslgrhlines
SECTION VI: NEW CONSTRUCTION
APPLICABLE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR'S New construction, including additions to historic resources, must
STANDARDS meet the current Florida Building Code and the current zoning
requirement that includes setbacks, lot area, frontage, etc.
9. New additions, exterior alterations, or related new Se
cretary
construction shall not destroy historic materials that of the Interior's Standards advise that replication
characterize the property. The new work shall be and mimicry are unacceptable approaches to new design. That
differentiated from the old and shall be compatible with the concept may seem unusual, as many think that imitation Is the
massing, size, scale and architectural features to protect sincerest form of flattery.
the historic integrity of the property.
History is a continuum, where today's contributions will at some
10. New additions, and adjacent or related new construction time in the future, be judged for their impact. Without a clear
shall be undertaken in such a manner that if removed in distinction between what Is historic and what is contemporary,
the future, the essential form and integrity of the historic development patterns become blurred and the outcome can create
property and its environment would be unimpaired. a false sense of historical development.
New construction refers to new buildings, structures (outbuildings) The guidelines allow for a wide range of interpretation. Some
or additions to extant contributing or non-contributing buildings that communities that apply these standards have taken a very
are constructed within a historic district, or on an individually listed conservative approach in handling the design for new
historic site. When a new building is constructed to fill in the gaps additions/construction. They have maintained that by the subtle
of a streetscape in a historic district, the new buildingis referred to differentiation of surface textures, or the simplification or stylization
as "infill"construction, of ornament, that a distinction can be made and still be in
compliance with the intent of the Standards.
This infill must be compatible with the surrounding buildings and Additions
yet must be differentiated from the historic building stock. To be
successful, this new design should reflect the significant themes in Historic preservation recognizes the evolution of a property, and
its environment and will include attention to:
subsequent owners of historic resources are part of that
• Height evolutionary process. During the course of time, frequently
• Materials additions have been made to historic properties because of
• Roof form practical need and changing economic status.
• Massing In the process designfor new additions, the following
Set-backs g guidelines
• should be observed:
• Rhythm of openings (i.e., doors and windows)
• Scale
• Orientation
33
III'
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guided
• Locate an addition as inconspicuously as possible, usually
to the rear or least public side of a building.
• Additions or accessory structures should not be located in
front of the established front plane of a historic building.
• Avoid obscuring or destroying characteristic features of the
original building; the loss of historic fabric should be
minimal.
• When possible, design and construct the addition so that
the basic form and character of the historic building would
remain intact if the addition were ever removed.
• In a historic district, consider the surrounding buildings and
the compatibility of the addition in terms of size, scale,
materials, mass and roof form.
• Do not introduce a new architectural style, or too closely
mimic the style of the existing building. Additions should be
simply and cleanly designed and NOT attempt to replicate
the original design.
• Insure that the addition is secondary and subordinate to
the main mass of the historic building. Additions that •
overwhelm the original building are not an acceptable
solution.
Infill Buildings
Any new construction should complement the historic architecture
of the district. The relationship of that new construction adjacent to
the significant historic resources can either enhance, or detract
from the historic setting of the district. New construction (infill)
should not create a false sense of historical development by
utilizing conjectural features of stylistic elements taken from other
buildings.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation DesignLIJJ!i Tines
RECOMMENDED APPROACHES TO NEW • The character of the massing should be compatible with
CONSTRUCTION the surrounding buildings. Massing means the geometric.
relationship of the building's component parts.
• The height of any new buildings should be similar to those
of other buildings along the streetscape. • Streetscape elements such as the divisions between
stories, porch heights, and the alignment of window and
• The new construction shall be compatible with the width of windowsills should be extended to the new construction.
the surrounding buildings. GRAPHIC#5
• Materials should be compatible in quality, color, texture,
finish and dimension to those commonly found in the
historic district.
GRAPHIC#1
• Roof forms and pitch should be compatible with the
surrounding buildings.
GRAPHIC#2
• Window types and patterns, as well as their general
placement, should be similar to surrounding buildings.
• The horizontal rhythms between the buildings also should
be maintained.
GRAPHIC#3
• The side and rear setbacks of the new construction should
be maintained and aligned with the façades of the
surrounding buildings.
• The orientation of the main elevation to the street also
should be respected.
GRAPHIC#4
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Designam Ges
SECTION VII. SPECIAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
PARKING PAVING MATERIALS
The setting of a property is important to our understanding of its • The maintenance of the original paving materials such as
use. Setting is defined as the physical environment of a property. asphalt or concrete is encouraged.
The setting of a single-family residence includes open space, such
as lawns, trees, berms, and associated landscaping, which should • While, in most cases, brick was not used historically in Delray
be respected as part of the district's overall context. Beach, Old Chicago Brick may be used for driveway and
Recommended walkway surfacing.
• The use of decorative pavers is generally discouraged.
• Locate parking adjacent to the building but not beyond it, or in
the rear. SIGNAGE
• Screen parking that can be viewed from the public right-of-way The sign code is contained in the City of Delray Beach's Land
with fencing, landscaping, or a combination of the two. Development Regulations, Section 4.6.7. The sign code regulates
signage throughout the city, and should be consulted before
• Utilize existing alleys to provide vehicular access to buildings. applying for a sign permit.
• Limit parking to the rear or sides of buildings. Types of Signs
• Construct new curb cuts and streetside driveways only in Wall sign: A flush-mounted sign affixed to a
areas where they are appropriate or existed historically. structure.
• Use appropriate materials for driveways, such as gravel or Free-Standing Sign: A sign not affixed to a structure, but free-
' concrete poured in ribbons. standing, usually mounted on a pole, but
that may also be a ground-mounted
• Avoid driveway expansions and circular drives (unless there is monument
historical precedent).
Projecting Sign: A sign affixed to a structure that extends
out at a right angle from the building.
Under Canopy Sign: A sign hung from a canopy, roof or
walkway that may be rigid or may swing.
36
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design GLLuues
Recommendations: Signage for Historic Buildings are considered to have a historic or nostalgic appeal, and when
they constitute artistic expression and not solely advertising.
• Use materials and sign types that are based on historical
precedent. For example, the use of neon tubing was common An owner of a property with a nostalgic sign may petition the
during the Art Deco period, but is inappropriate for buildings of Historic Preservation Board through the Certificate of
another historical period. Appropriateness process. The Board will then determine whether
or not the sign has value as a part of the historical, aesthetic and/
• Avoid obscuring architectural detail or character-defining or architectural heritage of the city, and make its recommendation
features with signage. to the City Commission for approval.
• In commercial districts, the valance of an awning is often a FIRE STAIRS
visible and unobtrusive location for signage.
Life safety considerations take precedence over design matters;
• Use indirect lighting when illuminating the sign. however, every effort should be made to achieve the most
desirable solution when a historic property is affected.
• Avoid cabinet or box signs unless there is historical precedent.
When possible, fire stairs should not be visible from the street.
• Ground-mounted signs are appropriate in cases of residential Where this is not possible, the stairs should be constructed of the
conversions. same building material or finished in a similar manner as the
building on which they are attached.
• The scale of the signage should relate to the scale and detail
of the historic building, and not overwhelm or call attention to To identify the least obtrusive locations, consider any non-historic
the sign. additions, previously altered areas, and areas that have fewer
design characteristics(typically the sides and rear).
• The choice of typeface is a good way of conveying the period
in which the building was constructed. Historic photographs of HANDICAP ACCESSIBILITY
the period may be consulted to identify some common type
styles. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) extends comprehensive
civil rights to individuals with disabilities. For historic buildings that
• The material of the sign need not be identical, but should be are open to the public, the effect of the ADA is to require retrofitting
compatible with the construction materials of the building. the structure so that adequate provision is made for its use. The
ADA requirements do not extend to private residences, churches
Non-conforming Nostalgic Signs or private clubs.
There are instances when the signage itself becomes historic. For In considering the appropriate locations for ramps, elevators or
example, during the 1930s when Art Deco and Art Moderne styles lifts, attention should be given to those characteristics of the
were popular, signage became integral to the overall design. The property that are most significant and include: materials, principal
Historic Preservation Board has the opportunity to exempt signs elevations, major architectural and/or landscape features and the
from the requirements and restrictions of the Sign Code when they principal public spaces.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guldellnes
When Congress enacted the Americans with Disabilities Act, it also • For Mediterranean Revival or Mission style buildings,
provided alternative minimum requirements for "qualified" historic simple masonry walls are appropriate.
properties. A qualified historic property is defined as:
• When masonry walls are finished with stucco, the texture
• A property listed or eligible for listing in the National and finish found on the main building should be repeated
Register of Historic Places; or on the new walls.
• A property that is designated under state or local law.
• Chain-link fences clad in a green vinyl may only be used in
An owner of a historic property who seeks to use these alternative rear yards, or where they are not visible from the street.
minimum requirements must first consult with the, architectural
division staff, who are responsible to the State Historic LANDSCAPE CONSIDERATIONS
Preservation Officer (SHPO). If the SHPO determines that full
compliance with the terms of the ADA would result in the Although local designation reports most commonly focus on the
destruction of the significant elements of a historic property, then historic architecture of a district or individual site, the setting for
the following alternative minimum requirements may be used: that architecture is of great importance to the definition of
character. The City of Delray Beach has enacted ordinances that
• Provision of one accessible route from a site access point regulate the cutting and replacement of trees, the minimum
to an accessible entrance. Using a ramp with a 1:6 slope is landscape requirements for new construction, and other
permitted for a run of not more than two (2)feet, safeguards that ensure that the quality of the city's landscape is
maintained and enhanced.
• Provision of one accessible entrance. If it is not possible to
make the public entrance accessible, then an alternative, In historic districts, or individual sites, the landscape is often so
unlocked entrance is acceptable. Directional signage at integral to the character of the district, that the landscape
the primary entrance and a notification system at the requirements may be even more rigorous. In general, landscaping
accessible entrance must be provided. recommendations include:
• It toilets are provided, provision must be made for one that • Maintenance of existing trees and shrubs, particularly if
is accessible, and it may be unisex. they appear to date from the historic period;
FENCES AND WALLS • Replacement of diseased or damaged trees with the same
species;
Fencing, and garden and retaining walls add distinction to
individual buildings and historic districts. They serve a practical • Use of plant materials that may also be used in adjoining
purpose of forming property line boundaries, and to distinguish spaces; and
lines between the yard, sidewalk and street. Whenever possible,
the original walls and/or fences should be preserved. • Avoidance of plant materials that obscure the major
elevations of the historic resource.
• For Colonial Revival and some vernacular designs,
wooden pickets are a good choice for fencing.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Desigi-Ialellnes
SCREENING OF PARKING LOTS • Overhanging and projecting eaves;
The City of Delray Beach has enacted a Landscape Ordinance that • Exposed porches and verandahs;
establishes the minimum standards for the screening of parking
lots. Fencing, walls or landscape buffers are appropriate solutions. • Projecting awnings and canopies; and
HURRICANE PREPAREDNESS FOR HISTORIC • Exposed parapets and chimneys
STRUCTURES
Window Shuttering Systems
Owners of historic buildings are subject to a balancing act, in which
they must weigh disaster readiness against the overall goals of More than any other single factor, maintaining the integrity of the
protecting the character of the historic property itself. In evaluating windows is the primary defense against hurricanes. If a building's •
the methods to secure a building from the effects of wind, water envelope is breeched, winds enter the building and generate
and impact from projectiles, the impact of the resource itself must increased internal pressures for the roof and walls that can cause
be considered. the structural integrity of the entire building to fail.
Historic Buildings, Assets and Vulnerabilities The choice of shuttering systems is dependent on a number of
1 factors that include:
Historic buildings have definite advantages over much new
construction, but they have specific vulnerabilities as well. • The type of building to be shuttered (e.g., private home,
Addressing those vulnerabilities will help them survive the worst of institutional building, etc.);
storms. •
• The visible impact of the shutter system to the character of
Assets the historic building;
• Tongue and groove roof sheathing rather than plywood or • The style of the building;
particleboard;
• The expense of the system;
• Heavier wood roof trusses/members rather than light pre-
fabricated trusses; and • Whether it meets building code requirements;
• Hammered nail connections rather than staple gun • Whether or not the system is designed for permanent
connectors. year-round installation;
Vulnerabilities • Whether or not the system can be installed in sufficient
time and if labor is available to mount the system when a
• Lack of lateral braces, ties and straps; hurricane threatens
• Gravity connections to foundations;
•
39
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Gdids
Guidelines in the Choice of Shuttering Systems compressors, generators and associated ductwork, wiring, and
pipes, are functionally obsolete and will require replacement.
It • Window shutters that are removable are preferred;
Recommended Rehabilitation Treatments
• If the tracks are to be installed year-round, they should be
painted to match the exterior surface; • Identify and retain features of early mechanical systems, such
as vents,fans and grilles.
• Accordion or roll-down shutters should only be considered
when they are in locations not visible from the public right- • Maintain mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems by
of-way. ensuring their cyclical maintenance.
Impact Resistant Glass • Prevent accelerated deterioration of systems by providing
adequate ventilation of attics, crawl spaces and ceilings so that
The Building Code does allow for the installation of impact- moisture problems are minimized.
resistant glass in place of a shuttering system. The cost of this
system should be evaluated against a shuttering system only in • Repair mechanical systems by augmenting or upgrading the
cases where window replacements are required. In any case, the existing system parts, such as installing new pipes and ducts,
new windows should resemble and reconfigure a historically rewiring, or adding new compressors or boilers.
appropriate type.
• Replace, either in-kind or with a compatible substitute, those
There is no one prescribed method to shutter a historic building, visible features that are either severely deteriorated or are
the choice of system should be based on the preceding missing, when there are surviving prototypes such as ceiling
considerations, and in consultation with the Historic Preservation fans and grilles.
Planner.
• Install a new mechanical system that causes the least
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS: HEATING, VENTILATION alteration of the building's floor plan, exterior elevations, and
AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC), ELECTRICAL, the historic building material.
PLUMBING, FIRE PROTECTION
• Install vertical runs of ducts, pipes and cables in closets,
Mechanical upgrades are frequently a part of the rehabilitation service rooms, chases and wall cavities.
process. With careful planning, damage from the installation of
modern heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems can be • Install window air-conditioning units ONLY when all other
avoided. Installation should be accomplished in the least obtrusive viable alternatives have been explored. If used, window air-
manner possible and in the most inconspicuous location. conditioning units should be installed so that the sash and
frames are protected.
Many historic buildings lend themselves to retrofitting as their
raised foundations, generous attic spaces and existing chases and
ductwork provide the space for the installation of new mechanical
equipment. In most instances, systems such as boilers,
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design GulUIlll lis
Not Recommended Works Of Art Designed For Permanent Installation
• Removing or radically changing the features of mechanical Following the artist selection and the execution of schematic or
systems that are important in defining the overall historic design development drawings, the Historic Preservation Board will
character of the building so that the character is diminished. review the project. The Board's staff will provide a report that
addresses:
• Enclosing mechanical systems in areas that are not
adequately ventilated so that deterioration of the system • The relationship of the artwork's design to the history of
results. the area;
• Replacing a mechanical system when it could be upgraded • The relationship of the materials and scale of the artwork
and retained. to the surrounding environment; and
• Installing a replacement feature that does not convey the same • The compatibility of the artwork and the current land use
visual appearance. patterns in the area.
• Cutting though features such as masonry walls in order to In determining the appropriateness of the artwork the Board will
install air-conditioning units. also consider:
• Changing the appearance of a historic building by installing • Whether the object interferes with the view to the historic
heating or air-conditioning units that destroy historic windows. resources; and
PLACEMENT OF PUBLIC ART IN HISTORIC • Whether the object attempts to imitate or replicate a
DISTRICTS genuinely authentic historic resource.
Works of art enhance the cultural character of the City of Delray Works Of Art Designed For Temporary Installation
Beach and the installation of public art is encouraged. When the When the installation of an artwork is planned for a period of not
work of art is planned for installation in a historic district or on the more than twelve (12) months, the Historic Preservation Planner
grounds of a publicly-owned landmark, whether on a permanent or will review the design. The staff will use the same criteria
temporary basis, either the Historic Preservation Planner or the developed for the review of permanently installed art works.
Historic Preservation Board will review the project.
At the initial stages of planning for public art projects, the applicant Should the Historic Preservation Planner consider that the work of
or agency will consult with the Historic Preservation Planner. City art is inappropriate for the district, the applicant/agency may
staff will review the design for its scope, prior to artist selection, appeal that decision to the Historic Preservation Board.
and provide their comments to the applicant or agency. Those
comments will address the relationship between the project and
the historic character of the artwork site.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design GJss
SECTION VIII: HISTORIC PRESERVATION INCENTIVES
FEDERAL LEVEL: INVESTMENT TAX CREDIT (ITC) tax abatement program to encourage the preservation and
rehabilitation of historically designated properties.
The Investment Tax Credit is a. dollar for dollar credit against
income tax liability available when a historic building is Ad valorem tax relief is available for both income-producing
rehabilitated. Only depreciable buildings (i.e., those used for buildings and owner-occupied residences.
income-producing purposes) are eligible for the credit. Qualified
rehabilitation costs incurred during the construction period must To be eligible for the local ad valorem tax incentive the building.
exceed the greater of the adjusted basis of the property, or$5,000. must be:
To be eligible for the ITC, a building must meet the definition of a • Individually listed in the Delray Register of Historic Places;
"certified historic structure."A certified historic structure may be: or
• A building individually listed in the National Register of • A contributing structure within a historic district listed in the
Historic Places; or Delray Register of Historic Places.
• A building located within a historic district listed in the Buildings located within the boundaries of the Community
National Register of Historic Places, provided that the Redevelopment Agency's taxing district are eligible for this
building has historic significance to that particular district program, provided that they have not participated in the CRA's
(i.e., that it has been classified as a "contributing" subsidized loan program.
structure).
The exemption is applicable to 100% of the assessed value of
Florida's Division of Historical Resources in Tallahassee first qualified real property improvements made to the property for a
reviews an application for the investment tax credit, before it is period of up to ten (10) years. For example, if the property is
sent on to the National Park Service reviewer in Washington, D.C. assessed by the Palm Beach County Property Appraiser's office at
For questions or information about the ITC, contact the $100,000 and $25,000 of qualifying rehabilitation improvements
Architectural Services Section at the Division of Historic are made, the $25,000 increase in assessment will not be taxable
Resources. for ten (10) years. At the end of the ten (10)years, the property will
be assessed at its full value, which will include the $25,000 in
LOCAL LEVEL: AD VALOREM TAX INCENTIVES rehabilitation costs.
In 1993 voters in Florida passed a constitutional amendment that To apply for the ad valorem property tax credit, Part I of the
allowed local governments to enact ordinances to provide property application must be completed and may be processed concurrently
tax relief for historic properties. The resulting legislation is with an application for a Certificate of Appropriateness. The
contained in Section 1A-38 of the Florida Statutes. Both the City of Historic Preservation Board will judge the appropriateness of the
Delray Beach and Palm Beach County have established a property improvements and issue a recommendation for the tax relief.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Gu -Is
Following completion of the construction, and after an inspection
that insures the work was accomplished according to the plan, Part
II of the application will be filed. Part II of the application must be
submitted no later than November 1 of the year in which the tax
abatement is requested.
The Historic Preservation Board will again meet to consider the
final approval of the application. The Board's recommendation is
then forwarded to the City Commission for action.
COMMUNITY REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY (CRA):
HISTORIC FACADE EASEMENT
The Community Redevelopment Agency has limited funding
available to assist in rehabilitating commercial structures through
its Historic Façade Easement Program. In order to qualify, the
building must be designated in the Delray Beach Register of
Historic Places.
In exchange for the grant, the CRA retains an easement over the
building's façade, and must approve any architectural
modifications to the exterior. For information concerning this
program, contact the Delray Beach Community Redevelopment
Agency at(561)276-8640.
VARIANCES FROM THE CODE OF ORDINANCES
It is widely recognized that certain provisions of land development
regulations and ordinances were enacted after the construction of
many historic properties. As a result, the owners may find
themselves in non-compliance before any building activity ever
takes place.
The City Commission has empowered the Historic Preservation
Board with the authority to grant variances when it can be
demonstrated that the variance will result in the continued
preservation of the historic property. Variances may be granted for
setbacks, off-street parking, height, and floor area ratio, for
example.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Gales
•
APPENDIX A. THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR'S STANDARDS FOR REHABILITATION
The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (16 USC 470, The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for
et.seq.) set forth the nation's policies for the protection and Rehabilitation
preservation of historic and cultural resources. The act allowed for
the expansion of the National Register of Historic Places, 1. A property shall be used for its historic purpose or be placed in
established an Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, and a new use that requires minimal change to the defining
enacted Section 106, a process that requires any federal agency to characteristics of the building and its site and environment.
take into account the potential effect to historic resources from
activities the agency undertakes. 2. The historic character of a property shall be retained and
In 1976, ten years after that seminal federal legislation was preserved. The removal of historic materials or alteration of
{ enacted, the Tax Reform Act of 1976 was signed into law. That act features and spaces shall be avoided.
was the first to specifically encourage historic preservation through 3. Each property shall be recognized as a physical record of its
federal tax incentives. In 1977, the U.S. Department of the Interior time, place, and use. Changes that create a false sense of
issued regulations that were directed at historic preservation
projects that were undertaken for the purpose of the tax credit. historical development, such as adding conjectural features or
architectural elements from other buildings shall not be
Until this time, there were no guidelines with which to judge undertaken.
whether a rehabilitation project had appropriately rehabilitated the 4. Most properties change over time; those changes that have
historic resource. It was at this time that the Secretary of the acquired historic significance in their own right shall be
Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation were produced. retained and preserved.
The standards, which were revised in 1990 (36 CFR Part 67), 5. Distinctive features, finishes, and construction techniques, or
provide the framework with which to measure the success of a examples of craftsmanship that characterize a property, shall
rehabilitation project. In conjunction with the city's Design be preserved.
Guidelines, they are an effective tool for the Historic Preservation
Board and guide the members through the review of Certificates of
Appropriateness. 6. Deteriorated historic features shall be repaired rather than
replaced. Where the severity of deterioration requires
As guidelines, the standards allow for interpretation for projects replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature shall
throughout the country. They do not attempt to be prescriptive, but match the old in design, color, texture and other qualities and,
where possible, materials. Replacement of missing features
allow for regional variations and their local application. The
standards also take into consideration the economic and technical shall be substantiated by documentary, physical or pictorial
feasibility of the project. evidence.
44
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Desig lines
7. Chemical or physical treatments, such as sandblasting, that
cause damage to historic materials shall not be used. The
surface cleaning of structures, if appropriate, shall be
undertaken using the gentlest means possible.
8. Significant archeological resources affected by a project shall
be protected and preserved. If such resources must be
disturbed, mitigation measures shall be undertaken.
9. New additions, exterior alterations, or related new
construction, shall not destroy historic materials that
characterize the property. The new work shall be differentiated
from the old and shall be compatible with the massing, size,
scale and architectural features to protect the historic integrity
of the property and its environment.
10. New additions and adjacent or related new construction shall
be undertaken in such a manner that if removed in the future,
the essential form and integrity of the historic property and its
environment would be unimpaired.
Basic preservation principles and recommended rehabilitation
treatments, that are consistent with these standards, begin in
{
Section V of these Guidelines.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design G es
APPENDIX B. A GLOSSARY OF FREQUENTLY USED TERMS
TERM DEFINITION
ALTERATION Any change affecting the exterior appearance of an existing structure or improvement by additions,
reconstruction, remodeling, maintenance, or any structural changes involving changes in form,
texture, materials, or color, or any such changes in appearance in a special designated historic site
or historic interior or as applied to a building or structure, a change, or rearrangement in the
structural parts of the existing facilities, or an enlargement, whether by extending on a side, or by
Increasing the height, or the moving from one location or position to another.
ARCHITECTURAL These include, but are not limited to the architectural style, mass, general design, and general
FEATURES arrangement of the exterior of a building or structure, including the type, style, or color of roofs,
windows, doors, and appurtenances. Architectural features will include interior architectural
features where the interior has been given historic designation.
ASSOCIATION Association is the direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property.
CERTIFICATE OF A written document allowing specified alterations, demolition, construction, or other work to a
APPROPIATENESS designated historic site, or for a building or structure within a designated historic district.
CERTIFIED HISTORIC For federal tax credit purposes, any building which Is listed individually in the National Register of
STRUCTURE Historic Places or a building that is located in a National Register Historic District, and has been
certified as contributing to the significance of the district.
CONSERVATION DISTRICTS A neighborhood conservation district results from a protective land use element that outlines the
criteria and creates a mechanism that will allow for the tailoring of a master plan and/or design
guidelines for any specifically defined geographic area. A conservation district is intended to
provide a land-use and zoning tool that will promote compatible development by regulating new
construction, and major additions/alterations to existing buildings.
CONTRIBUTING A building contributing to the historic significance of a district, which by virtue of its location, design,
BUILDING setting materials, workmanship, or association with local historic events or personalities, lends to
the district's sense of time and place within the context of the Intent of historic preservation.
Typically, these resources are more than 50 years old.
EAVE The projecting overhang at the lower edge of a roof.
46
IIII
Delray Beach Historic Preservation Deslghl-II''IIIIIIIIIIII
lines
FABRIC The physical material of a building.
FACADE That portion of any exterior elevation of a building extending from grade to the top of the parapet
Wall or eaves and the entire width of the building elevation.
FENESTRATION The design and placement of windows.
HISTORIC DISTRICT A geographically defined area that has been designated as a historic district under the procedures
described in the Land Development Regulations. Any historic district may have within its area non-
historic buildings or other structures that contribute to the overall visual character of the district.
HISTORIC SITE Any site, building, structure, feature, or improvement which has been designated by the City
Commission as a historic site.
HISTORIC SITES SURVEY A comprehensive survey designated to identify, research, and document building sites and
structures of any historic, cultural, architectural, or landmark importance in the city. The board may
compile this survey in cooperation with state and local public and non-profit historic preservation
organizations to prevent a duplication of effort.
HISTORICAL A sign that contains only historical information of general interest concerning the building or site
IDENTIFICATION SIGN upon which it is placed.
INFILL Descriptive of buildings that have been designated and built to replace missing structures or
otherwise fill gaps in the streetscape.
IN-KIND In-kind means that the replacement element is exactly the same as the original element. For
example, wood casement windows would be replaced with wood casement windows that identically
replace the originals.
INTERIOR All air-conditioned, enclosed space.
INTEGRITY Historic integrity refers to the authenticity of a property, as evidenced by the survival of its physical
characteristics. Historic integrity is the composite of these seven qualities: location, design, setting,
materials, workmanship, feeling and association.
IMPROVEMENT Any building, structure, fence, gate, wall, walkway, parking facility, light fixture, bench, foundation,
sign, work of art, earthworks, sidewalk, or other man-made object constituting a physical change or
betterment of real property, or any part or portion of such change or betterment.
JALOUSIE A collapsible window or door blind of moveable slats.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design GIMes
LOCAL REGISTER OF A listing and a means by which to identify, classify, and recognize various archaeological sites,
HISTORICAL PLACES buildings, structures, improvements, districts, and appurtenances as historically and/or
architecturally significant.
MASSING The arrangement of various geometric forms of a building into a whole.
NON-CONTRIBUTING A building within a historic district which does not add to a historic district's sense of time and place
BUILDING and historical development; or a building where the location, design, setting, materials,
workmanship, and association have been so changed or have so deteriorated, that the overall
integrity of the building has been Irretrievably lost. Typically, these resources are less than 50
years old.
ORDINARY Any work for which a building permit is not required by law, where the purpose and effect of such
MAINTENANCE OR work is to correct any physical deterioration or damage of an improvement or any part thereof, by
REPAIR restoring it, as nearly as practical, to its appearance prior to the occurrence of such deterioration
or damage.
•
PARAPET A false front or wall extension above the roof line.
PILASTER An engaged (not free-standing) pier of shallow depth.
PRESERVATION The act or process of applying measures to sustain the existing form, integrity, and material of a
building or structure, or the existing form and vegetative cover of a site. It may include initial
stabilization work, where necessary, as well as ongoing maintenance of the historic building
materials and vegetation.
REHABILITATION The act or process of returning a property to a state of utility through repair or alteration which
makes possible an efficient contemporary use while preserving those portions or features of the
property that are significant to its historical, architectural and cultural values.
RESTORATION The act or process of accurately recovering the form and details of a property and its setting as its
appeared at a particular period of time by means of removal of later work or by the replacement of
missing earlier work.
RIDGE Highest point of a roof, running from end to end.
RIGHT-OF-WAY A strip of land dedicated or deeded to the perpetual use of the public.
SCALE The proportions of a building in relation to its surroundings, particularly other buildings in the
surrounding context.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Desigrlines
SETTING The physical environment of a historic property. It involves how, not just where, the property is
situated and its relationship to surrounding features and open space.
SHUTTER DOG Refers to the hardware that is used to keep window shutters in an open position.
SOFFIT The finished underside of a lintel, arch or other spanning member, usually overhead.
STABILIZATION The act or process of applying measures designed to reestablish a weather resistant enclosure and
structural stability, while maintaining the essential form as it exists at present.
STREETSCAPE A view or vista of a specific street, the distinguishing characteristics of which are created by the
width of the design of street furniture, the potential use of street and sidewalks, their paving
materials and color, the plant materials such as trees and shrubs, and the setback, mass,
proportion and scale of those buildings which enclose the street.
STRUCTURE A walled and roofed building that is principally above ground, as well as a manufactured home or
anything constructed or erected with a fixed location on the ground, or attached to something
having a fixed location on the ground. The term is used to distinguish constructions made usually
for purposes other than creating human shelter.
UNDUE ECONOMIC An exceptional financial burden that might otherwise amount to the taking of property without just
HARDSHIP compensation, or failure to achieve a reasonable economic return.
WINDOW TERMS AND Awning window: A window that is comprised of a series of top hinged horizontal sashes one
TYPES above the other.The bottom edges swing outward, operated by one opener.
Casement window: A window sash that swings open along its entire length, usually on hinges.
Double-hung sash window: A window having two vertically sliding sashes, each closing a
different part of the window. The weight of each sash is counterbalanced for ease of opening
and closing.
Frame: The fixed non-operable frame of the window that receives and holds the sash or casement
and its hardware.
Glazing: Setting glass into an opening.
Light: A pane of glass.
Mullions: A secondary framing member that holds panes within the window. Used interchangeably
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guided
_ with muntins.
Top Roll Muntin: A secondary framing member that holds panes within the window. Used interchangeably
with mullions.
Stile
Rail: A horizontal piece in the framework of a window sash.
Sash: Any framework of window, which may be moveable or fixed; may slide in a vertical plane, as
in a double-hung window; or may be pivoted, as in a casement window.
Single-hung window: A moveable window having a single sash.
Meeting Upper Rail Stile: One of the vertical structural members of a frame, at the outer edge of a window sash.
Muntin
\\\\\ .Light
Bottom Rall \\
-1-
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design I IiiLines
APPENDIX C. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES, STATE AND FEDERAL AGENCIES,
ORGANIZATIONS
Organization Address Website/E imail/Tei # Description
l s
Florida Division of R.A. Gray Building www.dos.state.fl.us/dhr/index.htmi Provides information concerning the Division,
Historical Resources 500 South Bronough Street fldhr(a..mail.dos.state.fl.us which is one of seven sections designed to
(FDHR) Tallahassee, FL 33299-0250 850-245-6300 provide information on folk, archaeological,
historical and museum resources in the
country.
FDHR Bureau of R.A. Gray Building http://dhr.dos.state.fl.us/bhp/ Provides information on the Bureau of Historic
Historic Preservation 500 South Bronough Street 850-245-6333 Preservation, Its four sections, and contacts
Tallahassee, FL 33299-0250 within each section.
Advisory Council on 1100 Pennsylvania Ave. NW www.achp.gov Provides information on the National Historic
Historic Preservation Suite 809 achp(a.achp.gov Preservation Program as well as providing
Washington, D.C. 20004 202-606-8503 information on working with Section 106
training programs and publications.
Florida Trust for P.O. Box 11206 www.floridatrust.org Provides information on preservation
Historic Preservation Tallahassee, FL 32302 information(a floridatrust.orq publications, workshops, conferences and
850-224-8128 other contacts.
National Trust for 1785 Massachusetts Ave. NW www.nthp.orq Provides information on leadership, education,
Historic Preservation Washington, DC 20036-2117 202-588-6000 and advocacy regarding historic preservation.
This website features educational issues and
the Trust's active program.
The American 1717 Church Street www.aaslh.org/ This organization provides leadership and
Association for State Nashville, TN 37203-2991 history(a.aaslh.orq support for those who preserve and interpret
& Local History 615-320-3203 state and local history.
National Alliance of Post Office Box 1605 www.arches.uga.edu/-napc/ The Web site outlines contacts, members and
Preservation Athens, GA 30603 napc(a.uga.edu publications. It also has a listing of design
Commissions 706-542-4731 guidelines used throughout the country.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design es
Organixa#ian Addrss j Website/E mail/'I�s
National Center for 645 College Avenue www.ncott.nps.gov This Web site has information on training,
Preservation Natchitoches, LA 71457 ncptt a( ..ncptt.nps.gov education, and information management, and
Technology and 318-356-7444 is also a clearinghouse for other online
Training resources.
National Conference Suite 342, Hall of the States www.ncshpo.oro/ Provides information on this professional
of State Historic 444 North Capitol Street NW 202-624-5465 association of state government officials who
Preservation Washington, D.C. 20001-7572 carry out the National Historic Preservation
Officers Program. A list of all SHPOs is included on this
Web site, as well as an online database of
state legislation dealing with historic
preservation.
National Park 1849 C Street NW www.nos.gov Provides information on the National Park
Service Washington, D.C. 20240 202-208-6843 system, as well as a great deal of information
regarding the historic resources and programs
that the NPS regulates. Preservation briefs and
the National Register Information System are
found through this Web site.
Preservation Action 1054 31st Street NW www.preservationaction.orq This Web site includes outreach and advocacy
(Legislation Suite 526 mail( Dreservationaction.org programs and lists the current legislation
Information) Washington, D.C. 20007 202-298-6180 related to historic preservation that is being
considered.
National Trust, 456 King Street www.ntho.org/about the trust/ This arm of the National Trust is assigned to
Southern Regional Charleston, SC 29403 regional/southern.html the southern region of the U.S. They assist In
Office soro a.ntho.org regional preservation issues or provide needed
843-722-8552 information.
Preservation 1507 SW 17th Avenue www.preservationdirectory,com This Web site provides research and resource
Directory Portland, OR 97201 info aapreservationdirectory.com tools for areas such as historic preservation,
503-223-4939 cultural resource management, and historical
organizations and services.
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Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guic
0r anization "A ctress Website/E ma iP1'al: � � �l escri ti +n`r ��
9
PreserveNet www.preservenet.cornell.edu This Web site provides research and resource
preservenet@cornell.edu tools for areas such as historic preservation,
cultural resource management, and historical
organizations and services.
American Planning 122 S. Michigan Avenue www.planning.org This Web site covers various topics including
Association Suite 1600 CustomerService(a.olanning.orq legislation, publications, and conferences and
Chicago, IL 60603 312-431-9100 workshops.
202-872-0611
1776 Massachusetts Ave. NW
Washington, D.C. 20036-1904
African American 420 Seventh Street NW www.aahpf.orq Provides information on related projects,
Heritage Suite 501 reneei( aoi,com workshops, and links that include the
Preservation Washington, D.C. 20004-2211 202-347-1149 preservation, maintenance, and awareness of
Foundation endangered or little known African-American
historical sites in the Mid-Atlantic and
Southeast region.
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