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HPB-10-21-09 �`'`'` AGENDA `"to- 07r HISTORIC PRESERVATION BOARD Meeting Date: October 21, 2009 Time: 6:00 P.M. Type of Meeting: Regular Meeting Location: City Commission Chambers The City shall furnish appropriate auxiliary aids and services where necessary to afford an individual with a disability an equal opportunity to participate in and enjoy the benefits of a service, program, or activity conducted by the City. Please contact Doug Smith at 243-7144 24 hours prior to the program or activity in order for the City to reasonably accommodate your request. Adaptive listening devices are available for meetings in the Commission Chambers. If a person decides to appeal any decision made by the Historic Preservation Board with respect to any matter considered at this meeting or hearing, such persons will need a record of these proceedings, and for this purpose such persons may need to ensure that a verbatim record of the proceedings is made. Such record includes the testimony and evidence upon which the appeal is to be based. The City does not provide or prepare such record. Two or more City Commissioners may be in attendance. I. CALL TO ORDER II. ROLL CALL III. APPROVAL OF AGENDA IV. APPROVAL OF MINUTES: • March 4, 2009 • March 18, 2009 • April 1, 2009 V. DISCUSSION ITEMS Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines — Discuss revisions to Section IV (Prevalent Styles of Architecture), Section V (Design Principles and Recommended Rehabilitation Treatments), and Section VI (New Construction) of current (2003) guidebook. VI. REPORTS AND COMMENTS • Public Comments • Board Members • Staff VII. ADJOURN anw E. atuawz Amy E. Alvarez Historic Preservation Planner Posted on: October 14, 2009 HISTORIC PRESERVATION BOARD October 21, 2009 MEETING COMMENCED: 6:0 P.M. Minutes Minutes Minutes Discussion NAME ATTEND March 4, 2009 March 18, 2009 April 1, 2009 Design Guidelines VOTE ROGER COPE P 977 721W 72 -7// / l / / /// jDELFl c -2j RHONDA SEXTON P c):7 DAN SLOAN P DARLA SERNOFF P o2 aftict. PAM REE E �AJ�SEN 1, s; 102t ow /5- MEETING ADJOURNED: p.M_ HISTORIC PRESERVATION BOARD October 21, 2009 MEETING COMMENCED: 6:20 P.M. Minutes Minutes Minutes Discussion NAME ATTEND March 4, 2009 March 18, 2009 April 1, 2009 Design Guidelines VOTE 4 TO 0 ARRIVED ROGER COPE 6:15 P.M. MADE MOTION MADE MOTION MADE MOTION TOM STANLEY ABSENT ARRIVED T DEL FIANDRA 5:35 P.M. RHONDA SEXTON P SECONDED DAN SLOAN P DARLA SERNOFF P SECONDED SECONDED PAM REEDER ABSENT MEETING ADJOURNED: 8:15 P.M. Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines SECTION IV. PREVALENT STYLES OF ARCHITECTURE INTRODUCTION ABOUT ARCHITECTURAL STYLE Cities and towns across America are characterized by the types There are two principal components that must be considered together and design of the buildings constructed for each place. Climate and when defining an architectural style.The first is the form the building takes, environment, traditions, available building materials, newly developed beginning with its plan shape (the outline of its footprint) and structural technology and current fashion heavily influence the choice and types for character. Form is comprised of the interrelationship between proportion, regional designs. scale, height, depth and width. In Delray Beach, building forms were largely a result of environmental Decoration or ornamentation is the second component that gives definition concerns. For example, to protect residents from storms and animals, to any particular architectural style, and is usually non-structural in nature. foundations were raised off the ground. Because of the durability and Materials that have been crafted, tooled or formed beyond the need {y ready availability of Dade County Pine, many homes were built with wood for structure or enclosure are considered to be ornamentation. Typical Cl/ yz; frame construction. Roof overhangs and porches provided relief from the examples are bargeboards, attic vents, railings, cast concrete shields and rain and sun, and gable ends allowed the space for ventilation. medallions, chimney caps and metal grilles. The city of Delray Beach has a number of recognizable architectural styles Delray Beach has a wealth of architectural styles that span decades. The that define its character and create its identity. As time progresses, so most common types are described in the following pages. do the designs for both residential and commercial buildings. One of the ways that progress may be defined is through the identification of the most popular building types during the period. Chronology There are four distinct periods of development in the city of Delray Beach. They may be characterized as The Pioneer Era (1876-1915); The Boom (1923-1926); The Golden Age (1933-1941); and the Post War Era (1942-1954). For each of those chronological divisions, the predominant architectural styles changed and reflected the prevalent social and economic conditions of the day. 19 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Vernacular(Frame and Masonry) often were derived from historical styles that may result in a classification of Vernacular with elements that are tied to a specific architectural style. For example, residential buildings in Delray Beach are frequently a vernacular LOUVERED type, but have recognizable features associated with the Mediterranean CROSS-CABLE VENT SIDE GABLE Revival or Mission styles. EXTENSION ROOF The Vernacular is no less important than examples of recognized traditional architectural styles. In fact, of all the building styles, Vernacular is of the VERANDA r 7_ most significant consequence in defining the unique characteristics of 2/2 DOUBLE- a place. In Delray Beach, most of the Vernacular examples are built HUNG SASH between the early 1920s and the late 1940s. SIMPLE _ =_I__ COLUMNS = _ = CLAPBOARD �^ SIDING BRICK PIER OFFSET ' s .. FOUNDATION ENTRANCE . F 9 I ,0;y°l w ��e, , ') ,, Frame Vernacular �� 7 ' 1 ` k _, The dictionary describes "vernacular" as something native to a particular area or resident culture. In architecture, the term vernacular is used to 7 W } _ embrace a diversity of folk and mass-produced building forms that were WN-era Frame Vernacular residence transmitted by memory or sometimes by pattern book. General Characteristics:Residential Frame Vernacular Vernacular buildings typically were designed • Plan shape: symmetrical, frequently"L" and constructed by lay • Building material: frame; locally-available materials builders who utilized � ,; 4-1' • Exterior surface treatment: wood siding traditional building t n ,,e, . 'r • Roof type: gable or hip . ` �frt,1—��) techniques. When America / 3:; � Height: one or two stories 1 �,��1q (J' changed from an agrarian IJ i r • Window type:sa b l 1 r 1 • Foundation:-�{euatod, raised pier nation to a nation with an industrial economy during ~ ' ", • Other: the late nineteenth century _, 4., , ' '. .-, -, ��;, a Shed roof porch across front elevation '''N'' "���; E 4 wY, i�a, a Ornamentation: rafter tails, cornerboards, vents in the gable mass production was made . t .,, /,-� possible, leading to the lavf '�_ Y` i 4;=u ends, and shutters standardization of building ', .P.t ": a Often a freestanding garage that may reflect details that exist elements.Decorative features Frame Vernacular residence on the main residence 20 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Masonry Vernacular: Residential (1890-1940) General Characteristics:Residential Masonry Vernacular Masonry Vernacular • Plan shape: symmetrical • Building material: concrete block; hollow clay tile; brick M • Exterior surface treatment: stucco(smooth or textured) -- • Roof type: gabled; hipped; cross-gabled; flat - • Height: one or two stories -----❑❑ - • Window type: sash; casement ®sue,".=- d—,®® ■—,.®m.■— • Foundation: elevated, raised pier MASONRY BLOCK, —�- � ■ ®® �® ®®■m • FREQUENTLY RUSTICATED BY ■ 0 ■ o • Other: CONCRETE, _ 'd�J ■ �" uTE, e®U ® s ■ o Roofing materials: barrel tile, flat concrete tile, shingles J\^ ®I : _I_ IN _I_ - o Ornament: cast concrete; scored stucco, concrete lintels PORCH EXTENDING ACROSS �• ® ® ■- and sills ® ® 0 ®® ■ ®� THE FRONT ELEVATION— ®0! ®Q■ I®®Yit®9®i®I�i® (!1 ►�® - ®®�—._� ter— o Often, a freestanding garage that may reflect details of the ������ N .�- III •�����I•� ■ ■■ main residence RAISED FOUNDATION ���MM���� -� C7 ���� II ��■�■■ o Rusticated exterior surfaces , r_ Masonry Vernacular buildings share many of the same characteristics as those constructed in the Frame Vernacular style. They tend to be simple, largely unornamented and constructed from readily available — building materials. , While Masonry Vernacular implies a building tradition rather than a formal = �S� �r y i T > y. t'".tip 's .r 4" `b R? a a :4� . architectural style, Vernacular structures often employ elements of a r, ,t; � - ( Y ( , ri 71: wr ,* ♦ i 1�" d'J fn ..+ �k:"+i Ge'S+r�'1 h .P�ttL more formal style. For example, some of the Vernacular buildings employ �c f ' a ` ` '� ,r �+ ° '� " ' Y P 9 I . i . . � }... esk . a hipped roof and are sheathed in stucco, reflecting a Mediterranean . N � } "' _ 'r { rY• z �'"d .,1T .% ` - — >,-- a«n Win,.;, tradition popular duringFlorida's 1920s Real Estate Boom. gat �- rat ._- '"" _ _ • °, . ''- 4-]ii'4"'''';,P 4 ,,.-'7,! g`,‘, , t, _.' 401,:.. .?,f,74c, '1. ; atur. ii,c. yy"" ..,,•,,,,,, .7,... , 2:,41 , LISI j c' x� .,, IM ' /l+i,y�'t fi` "M�� �� � �1 �.x.Mq'L''K'�. 7 _ +C 1.X'i"'!^.'k.++5` r.........x...v.....aa��....e....s. .._._.._..w.�r.,.u._w.. ..-...a.,..__ _n�_.._... ff.. Masonry Vernacular residence 21 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Masonry Vernacular: Commercial (1890-1940) Almost all of the Masonry Vernacular commercial buildings are located on A: );�' i . � _ s :, *'v ' ) f �i g y 1 Y ,!_ .,, _.e., ,i ,tik,,,ix!'. °ice � �� :w Atlantic Avenue, one of the cit s main commercial corridors. While some x 1 r r si of the commercial buildings date from the 1920s the majority were built Y � b . rf.. qh in the 1940s. {n �" ^', .pli �` w . ....., . General Characteristics: Commercial MasonryVernacular ; : - h. ' •, , } • • Plan shape: symmetrical ,f. w t • Building material: concrete block, hollow clay tile x' rp r' 1 r, l • Exterior surface treatment: stucco(smooth or textured) I F Y t `� r • Roof type: flat i ,t;; . fr."' r \\\ " .A ,' \\ \ • Height: one or two stories • Window type: metal frame, fixed glass display windows on first +'' i � n . , ' ` floor ' �+ g ,� i , � • Other. o Decorative coping on parapet ==` Masonry Vernacular commercial building 1.jv ,J.r^,..elf 3. ec , '.;',1;'''.4.,nt.;1.:..,,,,.-.;', ' 1 ' i'-',2,i'24 '4--En,",.mil t's ,',47 ,4.?...trA ,IM,,, ':,?.4..-fil f ,; 4 ,, n r I _.. e it te n{ -, 4 . . L'4C 'St,.a 9.3--er_"Fzi r t 11i 1 f 1 ± , r l� "', ry mac. A 1., • '•; ; ' 30re ? � is .,, ® r ,i R b 7 4 1 r1 �µ''+,i k ,ate�` Y Masonry Vernacular commercial building 22 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Bungalow(1910-1940) 1894 in an exhibition of Japanese construction techniques. In his 1909 book, Craftsman Houses, California architect Gustav GABLE-OVER- Stickley explained that the bungalow is a house reduced to its simplest GABLE ROOF CHIMNEY EXPOSED form."It never fails to harmonize with its surroundings,"Stickley went on to CAP z BEAMS.' say,"because its low broad proportions and absolute lack of ornamentation '—' /`�•bl�J�L WOOD SHINGLES v' , tia`� +-�� give it a character so natural and unaffected that it seems to sing into and ►.=-10-+;ll �`re utfig-t�� harmonize with its surroundings." END _I— _ VERTICAL PANE CHIMNEY . f ll'^ 00 - The enrichment of a Bungalow is through the use of materials, and not I_ = ■ = i-,,TRUNCATED the intentional attachment of ornament. The simplicity of the approach DOUBLE-HUNG C� C21. . COLUMNS precluded the use of SASH WINDOW = ''� .�■ �� BATTERED � ;.� any non-functional . ��'�=s= L BRICK PIERS ��- -:.•..••_ees3.•:.-.-••.-s.=_.. •-- .,r- , elements, as iA u�ai••••IL�2..••.• t-_���..••� r ., , Ill BRICK PIER I KNEE WALL r structural elements M FOUNDATION LATTICE r -" ,, '' "; were used to express INFILL Bungalow I II 04..,...,,,,, I I li��. -Y the style. Bungalows were especially Z The word "bungalow" originated in India, and comes from the Bengalese ._, ,, popular in Florida bangle, meaning"belonging to Bengal."The British used the term during the .•:�. from the beginning of beginning of the nineteenth century to describe a low house surrounded by s tP..r�` -" ----` the twentieth century a veranda. Such houses were built by the Indian Government along main The George S.Morikami house in Delray Beach into the 1930s. roads to serve as temporary rest stops for travelers. These simple, one- story houses that featured porches or verandas across the front, borrowed General Characteristics: elements from buildings in the Far East, including India and Japan. • Plan shape: symmetrical, usually oriented with the narrow side ,, a Bungalows in America facing the street r �P� Building material: masonryor frame a� were commonplace g 'i in the late nineteenth • Exterior surface treatment: frequent use of natural materials 't` 'W. ' Z�" �". century, particularly • Height: one to one-and-a-half stories �., y 't '•; , + • ,,u"}r ,r - '� in California where • Roof type: low gable roof lines with a broad pitch r:aili, ° #r>f, + `- ,�„ 7 they were frequently • Window type: casement; sash, multiple lights -s• ?4. : embellished with • Other: - 1 1 . �1 , elements of the QueenMasonry piers, tapered, supporting .�=G�, o often su ortin the porch roof o Wide overhanging eaves, exposed rafter tails �� • Anne,Stick,Craftsman g 9 P and Shingle styles. o Brackets (or triangular knee braces) used at the roof line The style was featured o Prominent porches across the main elevation at the California Mid- Bungalow style residence in the Old School Square Winter Exposition of Historic District 23 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Colonial Revival (1900-1930) General Characteristics: • Plan shape: symmetrical Colonial Revival SYMMETRICAL • Buildingmaterial: frame ` `' OCTAGONAL FACADE WINDOW • Exterior surface treatment: zu) wood siding (11\ • Roof type: hip; �,yr CORNER yp gambrel on Dutch 11!: BOARD Orgill I C•••I - ® Colonial Revival N N •a�,- '. p ® Nam® ® II DOUBLE- • Height: two to two-and-one-half / -HUNG SASH l WINDOW stories �q • Window type: sash �� r' ���11 ���r Yp ohim t� IImi �Qm = a SPLAYED ARCH • Other -+. ` ' .. AIOCN Mil j i MI riO i�f IIIERn \AND KEYSTONE + UNTEL o Classically-inspired details + 1 1 such as columns, modillions ` �` WORKING FANLIGHT AND and dentils „a SHUTTERS SIDELIGHT o Prominent entrance featuring a. DOOR SURROUND door with sidelights and °I 11%. transom above E ~~-'lo` - ._ Entrance of a Colonial-Revival residence The early origin of this style can be derived from the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of 1876, where many Colonial-inspired buildings were interpreted. Twentieth century Colonial Revival buildings are usually _ free interpretations of the original precedents; therefore, elements of 1 .. Georgian, Federal, or Adam styles often are combined. Early examples 1`+ • , tV ? , . of this style were designed by academically-trained architects such as �, ,R ,� �.. -. • ..•,-, Ail A iii , McKim, Mead, White and Bigelow. Their designs tended to exaggerate Colonial detailing rather than attempt to be historically correct. Colonial r , {71, _ . � ''" x� ;s..A Revival houses from about 1915 to 1935 strove to be more true to colonial `� __ —' tit- f7, prototypes, while later examples were simpler in design. In Florida, the style exerted a great influence on Vernacular designs. Colonial Revival _ -,"?'` details are most frequently applied to residential design. m Colonial Revival residence 24 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Minimal Traditional (1935-1950) • Other o Front-facing gable o Garage bay attached to the residence SHINGLE OR o Eaves are close, no overhangs : 11 CONCRETE TILE ROOF o Roof material: shingles; concrete tile den • ��� LOW-PITCHED o Details: Vents in gable end; shutters; cornerboards. '�O �+ C� • •O`�M O•,i��.•' ROOF LINE NO ` + ./f'''_ OVERHANG � /III H in EXTERIOR I drill `fr'�� SINGLE ¢ � ��t�/ ® STORY t ,L :d.�.y�} t �Y�.-fie yF s �c . Minimal Traditional z, S'� ram, ' t ,r ,i; , ('., 11�`Y L� > ,:i ,v m , 11 t;4 f r.', it The term Minimal Traditional was coined to describe the transition that a ;4 �s - � ' .�� occurs in residential design from the period just before World War II through the 1950s.As housing became affordable and new building technologies ' - b �' { ' r' r-us3"Fmw� •f-t�" t.,r:a...e�� �-�a•�..riisxs:..�ix _�u=.s�.ti.-<. allowed for prefabrication and mass production, homes became simpler. The GI Bill enacted for returning servicemen enabled the middle classes to become homeowners, many for the first time. Minimal Traditional residence One of these residential types, the Minimal Traditional, relied on the glAif inspiration of the Tudor cottages that were so popular during the 1920s _ ; and 1930s. The Tudor inspiration is reflected in the dominant front gable of the main elevation, which frequently features a prominent chimney.The 4 'ti`"j roof pitch has been lowered and ornament is omitted. —'/` ��.. . General Characteristics: i.T41 i :x,%- r T.. • Plan shape: symmetrical "rn„... . _.1s' "l" u ha • Building material: frame; masonry ,\, ' �r ,,-.. • Exterior surface treatment: clapboard; stucco; sometimes with a �t�xPchr5 x ' ' •, , partial facing of stone/rock/brick z xa „ '- • Roof type: low-pitched gable ▪- .: .; ` ,l ;• • Height: one story .;iF , ,r y„ 11 ; , • Window type: wood frame sash; metal fixed; awning Minimal Tr▪aditional residence 25 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Mission (1919-1940) building type also were evident in the smaller residential Mission 4 Mission ,�}f?+ IA •11,/i 1� 1 . prototypes. Within South Florida, CURVILINEAR PARAPET WALL BARREL TILE the Mission style was among the #'"` r ' EXTENDING BEYOND THE ROOF LINE ROOF most dominant style during the ins ' 1 r` Florida Land Boom years. ' -�V_ o` '] P`' 'Pti _ The Mission style is sometimes • t . . CURVILINEAR --- confused with Mediterranean :?' ',}: PARAPET\ — STUCCO Revival. While the two are rw r% gfd T5 'r , EXTERIOR extremely similar, and the term Mission style residence Mediterranean Revival refers to an eclecticism and not apure style, generallythe Mission style is distinct '\-: nu uu Imp Y Y ;;;; - because it lacks surface ornament and is therefore much more restrained. luau \ General Characteristics: PORTE COCHERE FLAT ROOF ENTRANCE PORCH • Plan shape: asymmetrical • Building material: usually masonry/concrete block, hollow clay tile The Mission style can • Exterior surface treatment: stucco(rough or smooth textured) be traced back to the ?, • Roof type: flat; usually not visible behind the parapet which may California mission be shaped churches established ° • Height: one to two stories - -�} ` by Father Junipero • Window type: casement; sash �� Serra during the II 1 , " / `1 • Residential types frequently include a porte cochere 1700s. These . I . ' • Foundation: continuous concrete; slab concrete �/` missions were built '`". > aL° .� .. ` • Other: U one day's walk apart c Tile coping along and were a symbol the parapet of Spain's claim 1920s photograph of Mission style house in Delray Beach o Tile visor roofs •< to the New World. Originating in California during the 1890s, houses and buildings in this _ style were constructed throughout the western states. NEK in` , When fashionable architects and magazines began promoting the Mission I' , i I,i i I (/'(1+" 2zi;,, I _ style, it moved eastward. Like California, Florida looked to its Spanish . heritage for architectural inspiration. During the first two decades of the twentieth century, the influences of the Craftsman style, or Bungalow, Mission style commercial building 26 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Mediterranean Revival/Spanish Eclectic (1920-1940) name variants of what has been generically called Mediterranean Revival. They include the following styles: Italian Renaissance, Mission, Spanish Mediterranean Eclectic, Monterey, and Pueblo Revival. Revival SHAPED COPING PARAPET oPROMINE Professor David Gebhard, in his article for the Journal of the Society ' '1 I, CHIMNEYNT of Architectural Historians entitled "The Spanish Colonial Revival in STUCCO �, / Southern California," provides a simpler explanation. He states that in EXTERIOR the broader application, the style -FABRIC I Ill;f1I� r h BARREL TILE is best called Spanish Colonial � J�\\' SHED ROOF Revival. He then notes that the .' "%'� -'` Spanish Colonial Revival had "� . .;;;7/ , ; i two distinctive variations, first the ''Y ^� . e.t.- ARCHED ARCHED Mission Revival and then later the .�� �0 ' WINGWALL —�^ ` ENTRANCE Mediterranean Revival. PI /4 -! II V yt CASEMENT BLIND I In South Florida, historians are —,l2 ' 4 c� WINDOWS ARCH comfortable with the stylistic ,. - identity of Mediterranean Revival - — ,r �'`= (-) Mediterranean Revival residence as a com7fingling of inspiration The Mediterranean Revival style was not limited to Florida, but finds from the countries that border the Mediterranean Sea, including Spain, examples across the country, notably in California, Arizona and Texas. Italy and the Northern coast of Africa, with its rich Moorish heritage. Contemporary architectural historians have differed in their choice _______ of names for this Florida phenomenon, but all agree that Florida's General Characteristics: Mediterranean Revival demonstrates an eclecticism that capitalizes on a number of design traditions. • Plan shape: asymmetrical or U-shaped to create a courtyard • Building material: generally masonry In an article entitled "The New Mediterranean Architecture of Florida" by • Exterior surface treatment: stucco (smooth or textured) Matlack Price, published in the June 1925 edition of House Beautiful, • Roof type: combination; gable; hipped; shed; pyramidal the author describes the style that became the pre-eminent choice for • Height: one to two-and-one-half stories buildings in Florida during the Land Boom of the 1920s. He begins by • Window type: casement describing the Spanish-derivative • Other: forms in California, specifically o Broad areas of uninterrupted surfaces with ornament refers to Mission Revival, and then concentrated around windows and doorways „' ,' ti continues to Arizona and Texas to o Cast stone or concrete ornament concentrated around .'' '+'y,*�N, "°'I describe Pueblo designs. windows and doors 7 t '; , o Covered open areas created by arcades and loggias n" NI, e 1 Virginia and Lee McAlester in their o Porte cocheres attached on the side of the residence �3"'7 .t 9."41, ,- �� book, A Field Guide to American o Juxtaposition of one and two stories Architecture, begin their explanation o Wrought iron decorative ornament employed as grilles with a section entitled "Eclectic o Use of towers, especially at corners Mediterranean Revival commercial building Houses 1880-1940." They then o Barrel tile roof coverings 27 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Monterey (1925-1940) • Roof type: low-pitched gable covering cantilevered second-story balcony Monterey • Height: two stories • Window type: wood frame; double-hung sash; casement LOW-PITCHED GABLE ROOF TILE ROOF - • Other: o Tile or shingle roof coverings SECOND- o Exposed rafter tails and vents STORY 0 Shutters _ BALCONY, 0 IC USUALLY °DDD r-i �_ -1rO TWODOOC II ry, r-��� CANTILEVERED STORIES _III11111 k M11111Irl.III4II AND - COVERED BY 0HERE � i, [HERE U °o°0E PRINCIPAL DORRE lala LEHR'' RHHRL ROOF -- .; "* • Ella ,, ' • 4". :; e40'` s r rat r This residential type is named for the colonial capitol of California during t „f ' ¢ ' , ' the Spanish occupation. Its beginnings can be traced to Boston merchant 'zt '''''a1'' 'Ili I"'IIIli1'I iiiIIIII!!;;'I'+'' I'I" I r ril. :-..t',": Thomas Larkin, who relocated to Monterey and built a house that was `",� a cross between the Colonial houses in New England and the Spanish - � !! Colonial houses in California. The Monterey style was popular in Florida = `s, , .sal i,' i1_1IIII ` ' from the 1930s through the 1950s. While the style was derived from the r = I r - '1, { aj .%Y.t v y}e ti �. Spanish Colonial houses of Northern California, they typically combined % � � • . Spanish Eclectic elements with Colonial Revival details. Earlier examples Monterey style residence tend to favor Spanish Eclectic detailing,while later examples tend to favor Colonial Revival detailing. The principal feature of the Monterey style is "' v x:'' a , 1'; a second story porch that cantilevers over the first floor and is covered , •r . .. v,. t a` `.�, ' by the principal roof. The low-pitched roof shapes range from gabled to `{ z^� '- ' '`$Y *4 c hipped and are covered with concrete tiles. Shutters commonly flank the • ' t.: �' windows. Detailing includes exposed rafter tails and vents. r, �,.•, 0 " ▪ 5 ; j j 'r t:,4 1�,�°° ;A Jr General Characteristics: �w, y, ,'. ""'. r n ?. ,`n� ,,* .#r� v5'�' L i;;_ t,, ,4F IM F • Plan shape: "L rl„,p➢ rx ��, 11nisk ' �I r� 1 • Building material: frame; masonry —' '; "� .� •?s 4^ -I -7, r ;,T • Exterior surface treatment: combination of exterior cladding "w` . ` ri r materialsam Monterey style residence 28 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Art Deco (1925-1940) was extremely popular for apartments and commercial buildings. Pastel colors were added when the renaissance of Art Deco began in the 1980s Art Deco VERTICAL and were not original. STRIATION ZIGZAG General Characteristics: �I PATTERN STRINGCOURSE �� j • Plan shape: asymmetrical • Building material: generally masonry • Exterior surface treatment: stucco(smooth or textured) SMOOTH STUCCO • Roof type: flat SIDINGir----1-�=_ 1111-1, • Height: one to three stories • Window type: casement; sash; awning �.��.�� • Other: o Smooth masonry surfaces incorporating glass block ir-a-pirti---1 pi ii o Horizontal bands of ornamentation; sometimes as projecting I ii i�ii_i��_dgimmiltin ii .�,,�� lintels or"eyebrows" CANTILEVERED RECESSED o Zigzags, chevrons, geometric and stylized decorative motifs r., OVERHANG ENTRANCE used as ornament(sometimes polychromed) '�. o Cylindrical towers or other projections above the roofline to 0=. add vertical emphasis ` Art Deco is considered one of the first of the "modern" styles, as it is a _---- conscientious move away from the historicist styles to a new expression that sought to complement the machine age. The style is a contemporary of the International Style. While created for the Paris Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs and Industriels Moderne, a show held i 0 [i ' j , �'' in 1925, the style reached its zenith in the United States in the 1930s.Art ; Deco is not just a style of architecture, but is more a style of decoration rtf, r. I ,o that was used in furniture, jewelry, clothing and handicrafts. Industrial i ,, (x �' ' ` F ', .;tt; designers used the motifs to design streamlined cars, trains and even 1 y' kitchen appliances. . , .,' ,,. ,�, °;4{i, Art Deco was popular from the 1920s through the 1940s and had a definite tropical flavor. Characteristic features of the style include a stepped or Art Deco style commercial building setback façade, strong vertical emphasis, and low-relief ornamentation with stylized motifs. Verticality is achieved through towers, window spandrels, and vertical projections, such as futuristic masts or pinnacles. These motifs often exhibit abstract geometric designs, such as zigzags or chevrons, or organic designs, such as sunbursts or fountains. In architecture, the style was not as common for single-family homes, but Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Art Moderne/Streamline Moderne (1930-1945) General Characteristics: MASONRY COPING CANTILEVERED • Plan shape: symmetrical; asymmetrical OVERHANG • Building material: masonry CORNER • Exterior surface treatment: smooth wall surfaces ���� ���PIVOT •• Roof type: flat, with a parapet ���� E WINDOWS A .■ • Window type: fixed; glass block; awning;jalousie STUCCO • Other: SURFACE o Rounded corners o Horizontal grooves at the corners ROUNDED o Horizontal balustrade elements CORNER Art Moderne o Coping at the roof line Both of these styles are sub-types of Art Deco and are also considered products of the modern movement in architecture.Generally,Art Moderne, Vr ; or Streamline Moderne, is considered to come after the introduction V\,�., 74 �`;: of Art Deco, although they share many of the same characteristics. '` �r`ry, Art Moderne reflects the early twentieth century excitement over 1' pi 1 I .s :-. technological advancements, high speed transportation, and innovative a ��; . new construction techniques. ' m` 1 During the 1930s and 1940s, the Art Moderne style was one of the most .,=-.- ` f'" _ -" popular styles found throughout Florida. Characteristic features include `- '_ - smooth wall surfaces, flat roofs, asymmetrical plans, and a horizontal I Art Moderne commercial building emphasis. Portholes, pipe railing, wave motifs, prowlike projections and #h } ��-- } other nautical references are sometimes used. Materials such as glass T ; -I'1 " ilk " -ARTt 1 block, mirrored or stainless steel panels, and aluminum doors and window "� -i Nll�Re ,,, trim often are used. Grooves, bands (sometimes called "racing stripes"), '23 ,Iri l and balustrades contribute to the horizontality of the buildings, as does j� W V streamlining. Streamlining is seen in the use of rounded corners, bands of 1 l 'ogg �' windows,which continue around corners and have concrete overhangs or 1 p ,l ,. "eyebrows"above them. , L" ii ,.. , Entrance detail on an Art Modeme residence 30 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Contemporary (1950-1970) General Characteristics: • Plan shape: symmetrical; irregular • Building material: concrete; glass; steel FLAT,CANTILEVERED HORIZONTAL BANDS OF WINDOWS • Exterior surface treatment: stucco; multiple materials ROOF (OFTEN METAL CASEMENT) • Roof type: flat; frequently cantilevered • Height: one to two stories � l ��i�;=r � - �I � Window type: ribbon; corner windows; metal casement r.ttittff I tLI g r{m— Other: �. _ _ o Continuous bands of windows that create a horizontal '--� emphasis stucco /`' o Mechanical elements (e.g., elevator shafts, air-conditioning EXTERIOR - - compressors) often highly visible BLOCK-SHAPED (11,` STRUCTURAL PLAN a 1 Contemporary 74 ti �). 7:, i... Contemporary style houses were constructed from circa 1950 until 1970 `tt`;flah'L � +� i:; and fall in the category of Modern architecture, in which form follows function. There are two subtypes based on roof form: flat and gable. The �;'41j �:'�'� r' z'`" ; m , : flat roof subtype is based on the earlier International style and is referred to Q,,s ,,. !i y�r, as the American International. The International style is reflected through + .,.. , 4 �} the flat roof, rectangular forms, and lack of detail. However, Contemporary V�, � 4 , houses in the flat roof subtype often use a multiplicity of materials, a trend ' that was popular in the 1950s; International style had stark, often white, Gable roof on a Contemporary style residence in Delray Beach surfaces covered with a single material. The gabled subtype recalls the earlier Craftsman and Prairie styles. Commonly, they have overhanging M tia + FJ ,-,,,v.,,,,, r eaves and exposed roof beams; heavy piers may support the gables. r xt ,, x 1 '7�It ; , " ; x '"';'e- Like their flat-roofed counterparts, a variety of building materials often ;( `.,' s!v ____ '. »4,4 .�,� are used and detailing is kept to a minimum. An irregular plan, flat roof, '`` -- _ ,r `h ;,-- cantilevered, overhanging roof eaves, bands of windows, and the use of "LI. ,�� • 1l. ( �� y metal characterize contemporary residences in Delray Beach. h ,,i ,ram , : -99 .c f.t, ,1f-; ; , 4i '" 1 C R's 4' SS Y!#i oY t ,, s e ,1c,4 �(. Contemporary style residence in Delray Beach reflecting the flat-roof style Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Ranch (1935-1975) Three examples of Ranch style residences Ranch fig Y MO,T CONCRETE HIP ROOF } TILE � '���� _ k ,._,, , ..„., ,.,.., „.,,,., .L .......,.. ..,,, „, AWNING-TYPE I , ,, a d, , . WINDOWS ATTACHED tf+ GARAGE �,�a 4. This style originated in California during the mid-1930s and continued in popularity through the 1970s. The popularity of this style is attributed to /F `' the availability of the automobile, which allowed travel beyond streetcar, a . .. bus and train routes into the suburbs outside the city core where land was .. ..: 1 {, '� € still relatively inexpensive.As a result, the plans almost always included an attached garage, usually on the primary elevation. Houses that once had M1Vµ�been built on compact lots, now were built on larger parcels that allowed a .. '., one-story residence to take on sprawling proportions. General Characteristics: '1 • Plan shape: irregular 1 . M � p 9 i F I���i1g1� 'i � vtiv "�a'I�i i�t r r • Building material: frame; masonry ,,,J l�,.z �` a,i ,>j�� 1 o ,, t. �' C, <M •T t. �tr� e to x �it� - • Exterior surface treatment: wood cladding; stucco Wit, v; vt P44 �� v`_ a , • ��` -°mow • Roof type: low-pitched hip or gable '7,0,:lt, 4, ,,' 1 `' I; • ' 's' .4 ',., t if k^ 1 of�'Yli • Height: one story rt r , p �i to \ • Window type: awning; fixed;jalousie i1 -, ' ��. . g l '�� � � �4 " ,.. • Other: - - t 1 1,1 '. o Attached one-or two-baygarage carport on front façade `r I , = ,3 ` ' F UIOTA. 9 9 P g I ' ` ar �' o Horizontal design emphasis , ;•, -,, t „ },,74,,1, :." . . •, ,s ' o Concrete tile or shingle roof covering 32 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines SECTION V. DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND RECOMMENDED REHABILITATION TREATMENTS DESIGN REVIEW BY THE DELRAY BEACH HISTORIC ,, „ , a PRESERVATION BOARD '.u'.k /\ ,'' 1,:rv;111‘7.: F4 ' ram, To evaluate Certificate of Appropriateness applications, the Board uses x � _' r----- �' '-\\:-. the principles established by The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for ' f '.2 i1°k ' '`-., ,Rehabilitation, produced by the National Park Service in 1977 (revised ____. l 1990). The standards provide a useful framework with which to measure a successful project, but are not intended to address every conceivable ' . w'-„ '-ii r1 ( '" situation.The 10 standards are printed in Appendix A. — v-- '� In each of the following rehabilitative treatments discussed, « . x_,-: ;ti . the applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standard will precede .-, -- - - -_-_,L_, .,._—___, [__. the section. .�_.. _._ �._...w� _.e. �...._N. 7 EXTERIOR SURFACES AND MATERIALS The exterior ofthis residence is a combination of stucco and painted beck. _.,, ,_•,.r To convey the authenticity and the patina acquired by age, nothing can replace the value of the original materials, finishes and ornament that } (Fri 1 were originally used in the construction of historic properties. . ', << • Deteriorated historic features should always be repaired rather rt ` ;• �r�� {q��,�, -, /, than replaced, unless the material no longer retains its original ry =4;h. - r� features or has suffered such physical degradation that repairs , � '+ ' are no longer a viable option. ,' . • The original siding conveys a number of qualities, such as profile, ili patina and shadow, that often are not conveyed when mass- - ,% , 4r�-, , ,,,, , r . produced materials are used. 4 .'." • When details have been covered over, every effort should be - .�. made to reveal and retain what may be left. ( ° '° ,r-s 4..-t..,: ..,„ ` ..cuR,„,fwrw,:�;�'1 ij --1 This building has stucco on the first story and wood siding on the second story. 33 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Wood Siding There are now commercially available fiber-cement manufactured exterior sidings that simulate the look of wood siding. This material may be Wood frame construction was popular in Delray Beach largely because of its authorized for use on a case-by-case basis, but is generally discouraged. ready availability and relative economy. The legendary Dade County Pine, that was once plentiful in South Florida, was impervious to termites and Rehabilitation Treatments a favorite local building material. Wood siding is an exterior wall covering composed of wood boards that are fastened to the structural frame of the building. Frequently the siding is used as a decorative feature and different Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standard(s): types of shingles may be combined to achieve a desired effect. The historic character of a property will be retained and The most common types of wood siding are: preserved. The removal of distinctive materials, or alteration of features, spaces and spatial relationships that characterize a • Beveled, Clapboard, Lap: Horizontal strips of wood that are slightly property will be avoided. thicker on one edge in order to facilitate the overlapping. Deteriorated historic features will be repaired ratherthan replaced. • Board and Batten: Vertical boards with battens (narrow vertical When the severity of deterioration requires replacement of a strips) placed over the joints between the boards. distinctive feature, the new feature will match the old in design, color, texture, and where possible, materials.Replacement of • Drop, Novelty, Rustic: Narrow strips of wood pieced together; in missing features will be substantiated by documentary and many cases the upper portion of each board is concave. physical evidence. • Tongue and Groove: Boards that fit tightly together as the jutting edge of one board fits into the grooved end of another board.Shiplap siding Recommended: is virtually identical. • Retain full width of the corner and sill when installing siding. Horizontal wooden clapboards should overlap one another and cast a shadow. • Retain all trim elements. • Provide proper drainage so water does not stand on flat horizontal surfaces or accumulate in decorative features. 1111 • Apply preservatives or consolidators to wood features such as beam ends or outriggers that are exposed to decay hazards and that are traditionally left unpainted. 1 2 3 4 • Retain paint coatings that protect wood from moisture and light. • Wood Siding Types:(1)DollyVardenorBeveledSiding,(2)ClapboardorWeatherboard, Remove paint using the least abrasive means possible, by hand (3)Board and Batten Siding,and(4)Drop Siding scraping or sanding for example. 34 I Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines • Use chemical strippers to supplement other methods. Detachable r-,,, 4,„ €`p. , wooden elements, shutters, doors or columns may be chemically dip- ti, v.-.£ y 5, ; '`: ' stripped with proper safeguards. ''',,, .x .; �:s�,r d • Repair wood features by patching, piecing-in, consolidating, or €"' / - J otherwise reinforcing the wood. _ _ s • Repairs may include limited replacement with compatible materials for -- ; ,�'r J L_ _ _ `� - those extensively deteriorated or missing parts or features. :; �J ' J / ,. • Replacements should be designed using the existing physical -'���� %==� evidence as the pattern so that brackets, moldings or sections of r:,,.Ty _ T-, ;;.,-t; siding, for example, are based on the original details. That evidence Example of hexagonal wood shingles may be present elsewhere on the building or documented through f,» kx historic photographs or building plans. '`"y . ---^ i ' r7" " Ft rMY 1,, Not Recommended: > r i" . . ' a'l ^' f r, h � J ti k tf ^f 1 r S • Unnecessarily removing a major portion of wood from a façade * -__ �---� x" �) instead of replacing or repairing the deteriorated wood. �' I. - s) • Stripping painted surfaces to bare wood to achieve a"natural" effect. , rr. 1, _ '�� , • Failing to identify the underlying cause(s) of wood deterioration. y,, Conditions such as faulty flashing, leaking gutters, cracks and holesir. - ` in the siding, deteriorated caulking in joints and seams, plant material -a and weeds, insect and fungus infestation are some root causes of An example of weatherboard siding wood deterioration.Without the treatment of the cause,the destruction aa , :----- r' ,a � will continue. . - . • Creating a false architectural appearance by adding or eliminating � v� detail(s). k • Applying s synthetic materials that conceal buildingmaterials. Sidings, ' jr ' Y 9 - b`, F_d 1 1 i' F`1_I such as vinyl or aluminum,can mask the advance of termite infestation ¢¢ may. _ , or wood rot. Severe moisture problems may occur because siding C �` ` Y �.f. ' traps moisture in the wall cavity. , • Painting surfaces that were originally natural. . - Board and batten siding 35 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Masonry (Concrete Block, Brick, Hollow Clay Tile, Stucco) mesh, lathe or wood strips. Because the stucco is pliable, it lends itself to texturing. Depending on the effect desired or the type of architectural " . "si-" _, ",r. ; Concrete is made from design,the stucco may be applied to achieve a smooth texture or a variety ; +i; ' cement, aggregates and of effects when troweled on to create a rough texture. The rough textured w:.' , - xz water. While it is in a fluid stucco is typically a characteristic of Mission and Mediterranean Revival ^ ``s.., , �, state, it can be poured architecture, while the almost machined quality of smooth stucco is a "Y' ``-' ,. ' -"' into forms and, when hallmark of Art Deco and Art Moderne styles. tt + -,. hardened, has a durability 1 ar similar to stone. Concrete Rehabilitation Treatments 'r k to ors block was one of the preferred materials for �;; 4�iM• &t,+ .�• construction, particularlyin . . q`n� ` y'.? Wr` the Mediterranean Revival Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standard(s): "` '�. ..,. and Mission buildings of the The historic character of a property will be retained and r. n -""_ " ' Stucco exterior 1920s and 1930s. Concrete preserved. The removal of distinctive materials, or alteration also was used to create of features, spaces and spatial relationships that characterize a decorative ornament, cast in shields, medallions and a variety of forms. property will be avoided. The cast concrete is sometimes called cast stone. Deteriorated historic features will be repaired ratherthan replaced. Brick became common in Florida as a masonry material after the Civil War, When the severity of deterioration requires replacement of a when the railroads expanded into the state. Many commercial buildings distinctive feature, the new feature will match the old in design, were then built of brick because of its fire resistance. In the 1920s, brick color, texture, and where possible, materials. Replacement of often was used as a veneer in combination missing features will be substantiated by documentary and with masonry or frame construction. With _ . physical evidence. brick, the color varies according to the sand and firing technique utilized. Yellow brick was particularly popular in South Florida .. .; Recommended: ri during the 1920s and 1930s. _t ,'�"` - • Ensure that the material/surface is moisture-free before repointing. Hollow clay tiles were also a popular building -- --- material. The clay was baked to form - • Provide proper drainage so that water does not stand on flat,horizontal structural tile units that were hollow inside. - surfaces or accumulate in curved decorative features. These tiles were used for self-supporting walls and partitions. • Clean with low-pressure water (40-60 psi) and use natural bristle brushes and a mild detergent with a neutral pH balance. These structural members often are ," , , • Remove damaged or deteriorated paint only to the next sound layer. covered with stucco. Stucco is a durable �! 7t.,� q:�.��..- finish comprised of cement, sand and lime Textured stucco exterior on a • RepAint mortar joints so that the new mortar matches the color, that is applied while still wet to a wire metal Mission style house 36 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines width of original joint, texture and density of the existing mortar in color and size • Repoint with a Portland cement that has the same consistency as the r„_ original mortar. ] �' t ,t r • To determine any adverse chemical reactions with the use of cleansers, i! � .' �,'i,x. , test a small area in an inconspicuous place prior to continuing. ''�•? l„ � ;_:— :4r -jetik4k , ��<{,,'{. i t t ',t, -. �tr � t` The most important rule:Always create a test patch so you can �,�- ryq�a_ , " ,,. it [r• ,f examine the result before the final work proceeds. 11 . , • u , — — . 1N- i Not Recommended: , : ,{'.'' ,; • - s 1, a • Mixing types of materials, unless it can be documented. x-d a r y ax " • The use of artificial materials, such as Permastone stone and wood `J "' ...gym>�.r.��w�_u,F .,. . '; _.- �f} veneers, or vinyl siding, should not be used. A combination of brick and stucco on the exterior of a Delray Beach residence r r k a� ; • Replacing when repairing would be sufficient. 1 k It.:::---1 • Cleaning with abrasive methods, in particular sand blasting that �� ��I' ' erodes surfaces and actually accelerates deterioration through water \\ intrusion. 4 \\ • Cleaning with a high-pressure water blast, which may damage the -1 ;,:.w- mortarjoints or the masonry. �• t � � , ____ - \�'r y, 9 i� y, �P[ ,,>'� io. ➢ _I -?moo!.`" __ ,, r.':. A . • Covering any masonry with stucco that was not originally covered. .��. #t P(( _ f„ ` i ��i��ri .��' :; i S ,/roi Trs Fi.': ,,, .a. BIM RIBS nr„ is I This commercial building in Delray Beach was constructed of concrete block. 37 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Paint Certain architectural styles lend themselves to different color treatments. For example, Mediterranean Revival designs are generally associated Paint is essentially a protective covering that is applied to both frame and with warm colors in which the dominant hues are reds and yellows. Cool masonry surfaces. The choice of paint color for the exterior of a historic colors are at the opposite end of the color wheel,and blues and greens are property is a combination of personal taste, and in historic districts, dominant. These cool colors, when used in a lighter intensity, create the consideration as to how that paint color will affect the character of the pastels that have frequently been associated with Art Deco designs. Paint neighborhood. color changes must be administratively or Board approved.An application for a Certificate of Appropriateness must be completed,as well. Rehabilitation Treatments Remember: lead-based paint is toxic!! Always use protective Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standard(s): gloves,clothing and masks when working with these materials!! Chemical or physical treatments, if appropriate, will be undertaken using the gentlest means possible. Treatments that cause damage to historic materials will not be used. Recommended: • The combination of colors selected for wall mass, trim and decorative elements should be complimentary and should avoid disharmony or color clashes. • Paint should never be used to cover natural elements, such as stone, wood or brick, unless previously documented. • Before painting, make all necessary roof, siding, and surface repairs. • All deteriorated wood should be repaired or replaced in-kind. • Check window trims,seal holes,caulk cracks,and treat for wood fungus. • Use commercial stripping compounds, rs, wire brushes and putty knives to remove loose paint. • Wear a painter's mask and gloves to avoid inhaling or absorbing paint dust, and paint in a well-ventilated area. • Wash masonry walls with a neutral pH cleaning compound for a better adhering surface for paint. 38 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines FOUNDATIONS • The area around the foundation should always slope away from the building to insure proper drainage. Foundations are defined as those structural supports, above or below grade, that support the weight of a building. Rusticated masonry blocks, bricks, " ..,� > ,x '{,� • concrete slab and continuous piers are the most common foundation types ,• , for historic buildings. The rehabilitation process should always consider a _' '4t 1) "44 building's structural condition.A visual inspection under the structure will help ,,,•.• to determine the structural condition of the foundation.Early Frame Vernacular ' r r tr:r'tif1It i i i i r I r,r i t, , k and Bungalow styles were constructed on stone or brick piers supported by • q. wood framing. In bungalows,the foundation piers are an important character- , defining element. Typically, Mission, Mediterranean Revival and Streamline \ , , i styles were constructed with poured-in-place, reinforced concrete supports 'i� 1. I'xY` with solid perimeter foundation walls. Some foundations allow for basements ` 1 and crawl spaces. —_ Rehabilitation Treatments Example of a brick pier foundation Cl) Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standard(s): I I I I • m • m I I I ' Ill 1 1 1 1 0 The historic character of a property will be retained and I 1 No - NI• - - - I 1 I 1 —i preserved. The removal of distinctive materials, or alteration I I Appropriate pierced brick of features, spaces and spatial relationships that characterize a Z _ property will be avoided. I I 1 I I I I I III C 1 1 1 1 I I I I I I I Recommended: 11 1 I 1 I i I i I ► I ► I 1 1 l I I Inappropriate concrete brick • Exposed, unpainted natural stone should be retained. I • Plantings should not touch the foundation, but kept a short distance I i ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦�♦�♦�♦♦♦♦♦ I 1 \♦ ♦ ♦ = away. I 1 1 1 ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ 1 I 1 I Appropriate lattice • Lattice or basket-weave wood ventilators should be placed between piers. The removal of these devices accelerates dampness, termite/ insect decay and pest or rodent infiltration. n II • • • • • • • ❑ B E B ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ E 8 8 • Portland cement mixes have not changed and, if repairs are necessary, ❑ B E a ■ ■ i1 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ E D B a mason should be able to repaint in a similar size, material, density, Inappropriate wood slots profile and color. Examples of appropriate and inappropriate foundation infill treatments 39 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines ROOFS Rehabilitation Treatments Roofs perform the essential function of keeping a building watertight. Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standard(s): Because they have a limited useful life, many roofs have been replaced over time. Sometimes the materials used in the replacement are not The historic character of a property will be retained and original to the building. Every effort should be made to identify the original preserved. The removal of distinctive materials or alteration of roofing material and to use that material in the event a non-historic roof features, spaces and spatial relationships that characterize a is replaced. property will be avoided. Roof forms (e.g., flat, gabled, hipped) are integral to a building's design, Changes to a property that have acquired historic significance and are highly important as a character-defining feature. For example, in their own right will be retained and preserved. Mission style buildings have flat roofs, while bungalows almost always have a gabled or hipped roof shape. The materials that cover the roof Distinctive materials, features, finishes and construction also are defining characteristics that greatly contribute to the identity of a techniques or examples of craftsmanship that characterize a property. Wood shingle, clay barrel or mission tile, standing seam metal, property will be preserved. and asphalt shingle are common roofing materials in Delray Beach. Roof overhangs or eaves provide shade, protect doorways, and the Recommended: shadows cast create a visual effect. Outrigger beams (sometimes called rafter tails) are decorative elements that further contribute to the intrinsic • If damaged, protect a leaking roof with plywood and building paper character of a historic property. until it can be properly repaired. • Preserve the roof's shape, decorative features, and materials, as well as its patterning, color, and size. - - - - • Maintain waterspouts and gutters and replace deteriorated flashing. Sheathing should be checked to prevent condensation and water 1 ` penetration, and to insure protection from insect infestation. Illustration of square,fishscale and octagonal roof shingles • Repair a roof by reinforcing the historic materials. Repairs will generally include limited replacement with in-kind materials or a suitable replacement. (Suitable is defined as matching, as accurately as possible, the composition, size, shape, color and texture of the = original material.) • Missing parts of roofs, such as cupola louvers, dentils, and dormers, should be replaced using the surviving examples as a guide to the new work. Illustration of Mission,or barrel,tiles 1l •' Example of irregular style roof shingles 40 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines • Install mechanical, electronic or service equipment so that they are --...;` This Mission style house combines a as inconspicuous as possible and, when installing, avoid damaging ` . 'X..". gable roof of barrel tiles and flat roof. 4-.1,...v . (Note that the chimney or obscuring the view to character defining features such as dormers I I' has elements .,. s , ' A.a. of both the exterior surface and the and cupolas. ,``--.. " :N . ",t T, , roof) tr; Not Recommended: V II i - '''. • Changing the basic character of a roof by adding inappropriate features ;; : such as dormers, widow's walks, vents, skylights, air-conditioners and ._, t „� . a- solar collectors that are visible from the public right-of-way. "" "°"" .;,'41 "' • Failing to properly clean and maintain gutters and downspouts so that water and debris collects,which may cause damage to roof fasteners, sheathing and the underlying structure. • When the scope of the work involves a repair, avoid removing more of the roof than is necessary and reroofing with a new material to achieve an "improved" appearance. C/) • Stripping the roof of its historic material (i.e., slate, clay tile, wood or 1 2 m architectural metal). —1 Roof Materials: Z • In the course of its long history, roofing materials in Delray Beach i T 0 included standing seam metal roofs. • Introduction of new roof materials not traditionally used in Delray Beach (such as copper, slate or thatch) is not encouraged; however, 3 4 alternate materials may be authorized on a case-by- Li ,-.1,,..case basis. , .. . ,... ,."'.',;:-',..,.. a Q... . ., : ,,.. , , ......::.......,..,.. . ...... 5 6 Examples of common roof types:1. Center Gable,2 Cross Gable,3.Pyramidal, A standing seam meta cross-hip roof 4. Simple Hip, 5.Side Gable. 6.Front Gable .J 41 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines CHIMNEYS • If detail has been lost, it may be replaced based on existing documentary evidence. Traditionally,fireplaces were the focal point of a home where families would congregate and use the open fire for both cooking and as a source of heat. • Maintain flashing and protect against water infiltration. Fireplace chimneys are another important character-defining feature of a Not Recommended: building and may project from a roof, concealing the shaft, or be attached to an exterior wall and extend from the ground floor past the roof. • Adding conjectural features or ornament that was not present In many early homes, the brick chimneys were left unpainted. Later, historically. chimney exteriors received the same surface treatment as the • Painting chimney surfaces that were never painted. exterior walls. In many of the Mediterranean Revival residences, the chimneys received an ornamental cap that added another point of • Removing or relocating a chimney. interest to the design. • Introducing new material. Rehabilitation Treatments Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standard(s): The historic character of a property will be retained and preserved. The removal of distinctive materials or alteration of features, spaces and spatial relationships that characterize a property will `' i { be avoided �r! • t � � ?�,� g Chemical or physical treatments, if appropriate, will be . = j k. undertaken using the gentlest means possible.Treatments that r c :► T 1.4)i4411 �)p fl cause damage to historic materials will not be used. Illilllllll�Illliill�Ifl�ttEiiiliiilit�l The brick chimney on r I i. "Ere(1 i rr i.``: .�.f.:i'`, painted to match the this color residence is ., � t c_..L is Each property will be recognized as a physical record of its time, place and use. Changes that create a false sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural features of elements . ` 'V ,Y from other historic properties, will not be undertaken. \ ' Z.Silt Recommended: • Retain the chimney as it existed historically; avoid painting or otherwise altering the exterior materials. This chimney was stuccoed to match the • If the chimney was painted in the past, repainting may be appropriate. surface treatment of the house. 42 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines WINDOWS When new windows are required, their replacement with the original material is always most desirable. However, the Historic Preservation Windows are a preeminent character-defining feature of a building. Their Board will consider other materials or cladding on a case-by-case placement, design and materials serve to articulate and give definition basis, provided that the new windows match the originals in their profile, to the design-specific styles and periods of time. For example: in configuration and any other character-defining feature(s). Bungalows, there are usually multiple panes in the upper window sash, and in Mediterranean Revival designs, windows are frequently arched. In pre—World War II designs,windows were most frequently either wooden or metal single-or double-hung or a casement type.After the war,jalousie and Windows are comprised of a number of parts which each contribute to awning(sometimes called hopper)window types became more prevalent. the appearance. The sash of the window is its framework, which may be operable or fixed, and which might slide in a vertical plane (as in a Rehabilitation Treatments double-hung window) or be pivoted (as in a casement window). The muntins are secondary framing members that hold the panes within a Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standard(s): window; a mullion is a vertical member that separates panes (or lights) and frequently adds support. The historic character of a property will be retained and preserved. The removal of distinctive materials or alteration of A single-hung sash window is a vertically sliding window where one of the features, spaces and spatial relationships that characterize a sashes (usually the lower) may be opened and the other sash is fixed.A property will be avoided. double-hung sash window is a window that has two vertically sliding sashes 11 that may be used to open either the upper or lower sash of the window. Each property will be recognized as a physical record of its time, place and use. Changes that create a false sense of historical When windows cannot be repaired, any replacement design should take development, such as adding conjectural features of elements into consideration the features of the original, including: from other historic properties, will not be undertaken. • Trim detail; Deteriorated historic features will be repaired rather than \.. replaced. When the severity of deterioration requires • Material; replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature will match Size and shape of frame and opening; the old in design, color, texture, and where possible, materials. • Replacement of missing features will be substantiated by • Reveal or setback of the window from the wall plane; documentary and physical evidence. • Light configuration; For new construction: New additions,exterioralterations,or related new construction will • Whether the horizontal line of the sash is on the same,or different,plane; not destroy historic materials, features, and spatial relationships that characterize the property. The new work shall be differentiated • The color and reflective qualities of the glass; and from the old and will be compatible with the historic materials, features, size, scale and proportion, and massing to protect the • The muntin and mullion profiles and their configuration. integrity of the property and its environment. 43 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines Recommended: ,,7:4.- ' ' • Design and install new windows when - W :l _r the historic windows are completely •. ik:44'_ missing. • Retain distinctive windows which feature a sash, muntins, glazing, -� ';g 4 �' ''z��' sills, heads, hood molds, paneled or decorated jambs and moldings, 4 : uMk 1" New windows in additions or exposed 1 9 and shutters and blinds. r^c� 4~`i I�: A party walls should be compatible with J J 1 ': jl� the overall design,but not necessarily • Maintain with periodic cleaning, rust removal, paint removal, and .. -�i . duplicate the fenestration pattern reapplication of protective coating systems. Recaulk and replace "` ` ���; ,�(��, and detailing of a character-defining weather stripping, making windows watertight and improving thermal i ' r elevation. efficiency. 67: ',,'; 1 4.'1r1 r " , In double- or single-hung windows, • Repair frames and sash by patching, splicing, consolidating or - t� `-` .- otherwise reinforcing and replacing in kind. Damaged parts may l. . ,. `,?,' 4, possible.window weights when sometimes be replaced from other salvaged historic windows. Casement windows on a Mediterranean Revival residence Not Recommended: I I I ❑\ I I Cutting new openings, altering existing openings, blocking windows, DE1 and installing a replacement sash that does not fit the window. • Changing the historic appearance through inappropriate design ❑D materials or adding a finish or color that changes the sash, depth ❑❑ of reveal, the reflectivity, or the i \ appearance of the frame. 1:F- { 4 I I I I I ', • Replacing viable windows rather 1 ... } , A DOUBLE-HUNG CASEMENT AWNING than maintaining the original.Bronze, :` '' ' black frame, or tinted windows are rti< , , 2 ..' '� , x . not preferred choices. ; ;J��4 ,' 'I I I I I I �"" ' �1 • New Construction: In selecting .1, r'='t;:i s windows for an infill design in a ` r`" S,'_ t``rt1:'i historic district, flat"snap in" muntins , Fi, ,,kt., 4•k --,1 should not be used to simulate the , i . 1. division of window panes. Any such divisions should be created with �._ ;i /n muntins that create a true profile. , , cart I I I I I I Flat and arched FOUR-OVER-ONE double-hung sash windows on a THREE-OVER-ONE SIX-OVER-ONE Mediterranean Revival house 44 - )*6\ Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines \/ '' . ' DECORATIVE SHUTTERS ,, • "Shutter dog" hardware should be used to enhance Shutters originally were designed for the inside of the home, to cover • the appearance that the • the lower portion of a window where no glass was installed. During the 4 shutters are operable. Victorian era, shutters were moved to the outside of the house to protect the home and windows from weather. By the late nineteenth century, _ 4011 • Shutters should be attached shutters began to be used more for decoration than protection. They can to the window casing rather be made of wood, vinyl, aluminum or composite fiberglass. Styles include than the exterior finish louvered, raised panel, board and batten and Bahama. In coastal South Shutter dog on C.onial style shutter material. Florida, louvered shutters have been used to block the afternoon sun, while still allowing circulation of the sea breezes, and to provide hurricane • Shutter details should compliment the construction material and protection. Shutters were sometimes features of Colonial Revival and architectural style of the property on which they are applied. For Minimal Traditional buildings, and Bahama shutters were sometimes example, wooden raised panel shutters or board and batten shutters incorporated into Bungalow designs. Board and batten shutters often are are frequently used in wood frame houses. found on turn-of-the-century Vernacular buildings. Rehabilitation Treatments • trs__ Illustration of one 0.. ,, m type of shutter dog Mir- --"� Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standard(s): 00 0 �. Each property will be recognized as a physical record of its time, ,�I place and use. Changes that create a false sense of historical Z development, such as adding conjectural features of elements 0 ` *- C from other historic properties, will not be undertaken. ,r ). 4. Deteriorated historic features will be repaired rather than i j replaced. When the severity of deterioration requires . replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature will match An example of properly installed shutters on a Delray Beach house the old in design, color, texture, and where possible, materials. Replacement of missing features will be substantiated by _I— —D_ i documentary and physical evidence. - Recommended: 1 • Shutters should be operable or appear to be operable. I -1-- _ -_ eyes I I no I no • Shutters should be designed so they measure the full height and one- Examples of proper and improper shutter installation half the width of the window frames. 45 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines DECORATIVE AWNINGS Canvas awnings were frequently used in Florida as protection from the sun and elements. In addition to their functional purpose, awnings frequently --- - introduced color, and were part of the decorative effect. They often were featured on Colonial Revival, Spanish and Bungalow style homes. Awnings can be made of canvas, vinyl or metal. They can be dome or shed style. Decorative awnings are considered a reversible treatment and, as such, are permitted on both contributing and non-contributing buildings ,,. upon review and approval. _ l__w, Rehabilitation Treatments Applicable Secretary of the Interior's Standard(s): Each property will be recognized as a physical record of its time, . place and use. Changes that create a false sense of historical --� development, such as adding conjectural features of elements from other historic properties, will not be undertaken. :+ A shed-style awning on a Delray Beach residence • Awnings should follow the lines of the window opening. For example, in a Mediterranean Revival style building, a round arched window should employ either a round or bell-shaped window. For flat-headed 1( , windows, angled rectangular are most appropriate. yr > ¢Xr" 'E �'` • Awnings that obscure significant detail should not be used. l E6 _ • The color and design of the awning should compliment the structure i" � �hird on which it is attached. • Awnings should be installed in such a way that they do not damage ° . 4 ' r the structure to which they are attached, even if they are removed. ^ � i"; • 1 Decorative dome-style awnings on a Mission style residence in Defray Beach 46 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines SECTION VI: NEW CONSTRUCTION New construction, including additions to historic resources, must meet the APPLICABLE SECRETARY OF THE current Florida Building Code and the current zoning requirements that INTERIOR'S STANDARDS include setbacks, lot area,frontage, etc. New additions, exterior alterations, or related new construction The Secretary of the Interior's Standards advise that replication and shall not destroy historic materials that characterize the property. mimicry are unacceptable approaches to new design. That concept may The new work shall be differentiated from the old and shall seem unusual, as many think that imitation is the sincerest form of flattery. be compatible with the massing, size, scale and architectural features to protect the historic integrity of the property. History is a continuum, where today's contributions will at some time in the future, be judged for their impact. Without a clear distinction between what New additions, and adjacent or related new construction shall is historic and what is contemporary,development patterns become blurred be undertaken in such a manner that if removed in the future, and the outcome can create a false sense of historical development. The the essential form and integrity of the historic property and its guidelines allow for a wide range of interpretation. Some communities environment would be unimpaired. that apply these standards have taken a very conservative approach in handling the design for new additions/construction.They have maintained that by the subtle differentiation of surface textures, or the simplification New construction refers to new buildings, structures (outbuildings) or or stylization of ornament, that a distinction can be made and still be in additions to extant contributing or non-contributing buildings that are compliance with the intent of the Standards. constructed on vacant lots within a historic district, or on an individually �.c listed historic site.When a new building is constructed to fill in the gaps of For additional information, or if you have questions,feel free to check with s a streetscape in a historic district, the new building is referred to as"infill" n.} the e city's Historic Preservation Officer. T gz i) All infill must be compatible with the surrounding buildings and yet must be Additions differentiated from the historic building stock. To be successful, this new design should reflect the significant themes in its environment and will Historic preservation recognizes the evolution of a property,and subsequent P include attention to: owners of historic resources are part of that evolutionary process. During \.. "- the course of time, frequently additions have been made to historic • Height properties because of practical need and changing economic status. • Materials • Roof form In the design process for new additions, the following guidelines should • Massing be observed: • Set-backs • Rhythm of openings (i.e., doors and windows) • Locate an addition as inconspicuously as possible, usually to the rear • Relationships of solids and voids or least public side of a building. • Scale • Orientation 47 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines • Additions or accessory structures should not be located in front of the established front plane of a historic building. • Avoid obscuring or destroying characteristic features of the original building; the loss of historic fabric should be minimal. ' III • When possible, design and construct the addition so that the basic • � +` p 9 �rx , ,,�•, R. form and character of the historic building would remain intact if the '' addition were ever removed. " '' � T �- z s • For buildings where additional height is allowed,stepping back the upper ,. b �� stories may help to minimize the difference as viewed from the street z �> r '. Y V 11117111,4 �i4y¢1'T�IIIII • In a historic district, consider the surrounding buildings and the 1r 111111Ie '� t I°"`I compatibility of the addition in terms of size, scale, materials, mass and roof form. x z, 1. ,,i�`Cerba<.q � .iC�V�t�•3ih • Do not introduce a new architectural style, or too closely mimic the style of the existing building. Additions should be simply and cleanly designed and NOT attempt to replicate the original design. An example of appropriate infill construction in the Del-Ida Park Historic District • The design elements for new construction should be continued on all 92c, sides of the building, so as to avoid a"stage-set" appearance. \Ny (- / • Insure that the addition is secondary and subordinate to the main mass of the historic building. Additions that overwhelm the original building are not an acceptable solution. ,A eJ Infill Buildings All new construction should complement the historic architecture of the district.The relationship of that new construction adjacent to the significant historic resources can either enhance or detract from the historic setting of the district. New construction (infill) should not create a false sense of historical development by utilizing conjectural features of stylistic elements taken from other buildings. 48 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines RECOMMENDED APPROACHES TO NEW CONSTRUCTION • The height of any new buildings should be similar to those of other buildings along the streetscape. • The new construction shall be compatible with the width of the surrounding buildings. • Materials should be compatible in quality, color, texture, finish and dimension to those commonly found in the historic district. t \'Y+v\; l 'i"l' 1. , i fM1 " 51 �sLCii, �trl,. Mp.„♦ ' I Ik \ k� ,-", � ' ' " .fr . Compatibility in height and width - .r, 4 " . .4 : illkift• Y7, f," . ', trr. 1 4,.s. , f').7*-'j .:'''''.-.; -,..,,, .t i x y� ate, A]I ,iffy , '.„ ;4/Z1;n. ,,,,,,,747-;,,,,,,zok4, %,,,,st .1 ,4g„vt— ,, , , Ito!-,,,H,' ...A_- _ o a f r k 1 11111IIIII«Ii11111LIILiii i ' Incompatibility in 4s K y height and width (T//(T/ �I ® oo ® ® �� ;� �-� :431:6 �:-*:' f rj 1 ', Ali;fir,.riA' 4 4-. u ,� 'v 4 —, I +, d r 4ti` 1 �, • Roof forms and pitch should 'rt` ��'�f,,I„,;.4' .;,,..''`f`fri '4 ,r t� , vii,, , =-' be compatible with the _ 4# �'4'" � » 1�" �� ` � I t " .' w '1,•"Af,.t,• gam,} sw{' � a: y, "N 1,4 t.n.0;7. # "-' surrounding buildings. \ Example of compatible building materials on a new residence in a historic district \ of Delray Beach Compatible roof types(top)and incompatible roof types(bottom) 49 Delray Beach Historic Preservation Design Guidelines • Window types and patterns, as well as their general placement, Setbacks,alignment,and orientation should be similar to surrounding buildings. _ 7 • The horizontal rhythms between the buildings also should be / C maintained. \i - - Center building,compatible / \_ window types and alignment ' © m m "LJLi 7 f Compatible 1 °RI° EEI [iiii°:+3 MI ,—, a,oF_E F — 1 - Center building,incompatible P -11,1. ��� window types and alignment i a if IL �� Jam. j 13 TOO FAR [TO NOT TOO FAR Window types,alignments,and rhythms TACK AN [E FOPAARO compatible • The side and rear setbacks of the new construction must be met and aligned with the facades of the surrounding buildings. • The orientation of the main elevation to the street also should beal respected. -, ��' /\� • The character of the massing should be compatible with the —�T surrounding buildings. Massing means the geometric relationship of the building's component parts. • Streetscape elements such as the divisions between stories, porch heights, and the alignment of windows and windowsills should be 11 0 extended to the new construction. �\ m \- Compatible massing(top)and incompatible massing(bottom) 50 (7) kiatI-1-Gc t,eJS ec-rvvry%.-yt<,4 /2..+4 Sweittem 12. _s- 6)y /9' C� , t/ Z;14-0, n A eer- e - 04„ ,--,41-:, florcna-IL-1 —kAa• LAmv) 3 °A - - -P,Ien&Q4_ / 2/111 cd)„, Gi..c c s ) ck �- pvc oC• A„t � - /-17/( CILLUCA46 r' -; III / ,Q —_' j �i1it l r - s/2) JI (7 f 7 ,t G - v - / -1- � � • • lidiJititti, , ' ck .s2 — ;) • ÷ C �- 1 - _ " -&-L&4- • \ 'S.AAlijzrt rfr-oia4 a 5 114-7-6 GIs ,9 " Q � L on' ier -6W c-&//i34- • a4,4.24._ 1,k --Z7 11-4.' • h4 ,d ,,4vty,- J , , , 7 ° / 62ou f---7-fri -7 _... _ ,----=-__ _,_. _,----- - _ ce:, , yyl,, ,--A-7 iy ) ;, otAxii it 1) ii -k-C-- . s-- --S-- i C..-- 1 -D..-&•e:1/-7),) 71-A4W \, s- 17 lif , a--_ C:A oak:Aii i ,. 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